Item-level analysis of mental health symptom trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: Associations with age, sex and pre-existing psychiatric conditions.

Anxiety COVID Depression Fatigue Insomnia SARS-CoV-2 Sleep Well-being

Journal

Comprehensive psychiatry
ISSN: 1532-8384
Titre abrégé: Compr Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0372612

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
31 Jan 2022
Historique:
received: 08 11 2021
revised: 22 12 2021
accepted: 16 01 2022
pubmed: 6 2 2022
medline: 6 2 2022
entrez: 5 2 2022
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

There is widespread concern regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected mental health. Emerging meta-analyses suggest that the impact on anxiety/depression may have been transient, but much of the included literature has major methodological limitations. Addressing this topic rigorously requires longitudinal data of sufficient scope and scale, controlling for contextual variables, with baseline data immediately pre-pandemic. To analyse self-report of symptom frequency from two largely UK-based longitudinal cohorts: Cohort 1 (N = 10,475, two time-points: winter pre-pandemic to UK first winter resurgence), and Cohort 2 (N = 10,391, two time-points, peak first wave to UK first winter resurgence). Multinomial logistic regression applied at the item level identified sub-populations with greater probability of change in mental health symptoms. Permutation analyses characterised changes in symptom frequency distributions. Cross group differences in symptom stability were evaluated via entropy of response transitions. Anxiety was the most affected aspect of mental health. The profiles of change in mood symptoms was less favourable for females and older adults. Those with pre-existing psychiatric diagnoses showed substantially higher probability of very frequent symptoms pre-pandemic and elevated risk of transitioning to the highest levels of symptoms during the pandemic. Elevated mental health symptoms were evident across intra-COVID timepoints in Cohort 2. These findings suggest that mental health has been negatively affected by the pandemic, including in a sustained fashion beyond the first UK lockdown into the first winter resurgence. Women, and older adults, were more affected relative to their own baselines. Those with diagnoses of psychiatric conditions were more likely to experience transition to the highest levels of symptom frequency.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
There is widespread concern regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected mental health. Emerging meta-analyses suggest that the impact on anxiety/depression may have been transient, but much of the included literature has major methodological limitations. Addressing this topic rigorously requires longitudinal data of sufficient scope and scale, controlling for contextual variables, with baseline data immediately pre-pandemic.
AIMS OBJECTIVE
To analyse self-report of symptom frequency from two largely UK-based longitudinal cohorts: Cohort 1 (N = 10,475, two time-points: winter pre-pandemic to UK first winter resurgence), and Cohort 2 (N = 10,391, two time-points, peak first wave to UK first winter resurgence).
METHOD METHODS
Multinomial logistic regression applied at the item level identified sub-populations with greater probability of change in mental health symptoms. Permutation analyses characterised changes in symptom frequency distributions. Cross group differences in symptom stability were evaluated via entropy of response transitions.
RESULTS RESULTS
Anxiety was the most affected aspect of mental health. The profiles of change in mood symptoms was less favourable for females and older adults. Those with pre-existing psychiatric diagnoses showed substantially higher probability of very frequent symptoms pre-pandemic and elevated risk of transitioning to the highest levels of symptoms during the pandemic. Elevated mental health symptoms were evident across intra-COVID timepoints in Cohort 2.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that mental health has been negatively affected by the pandemic, including in a sustained fashion beyond the first UK lockdown into the first winter resurgence. Women, and older adults, were more affected relative to their own baselines. Those with diagnoses of psychiatric conditions were more likely to experience transition to the highest levels of symptom frequency.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35123177
pii: S0010-440X(22)00004-9
doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152298
pmc: PMC8801903
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

152298

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Auteurs

Adam Hampshire (A)

Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address: a.hampshire@imperial.ac.uk.

William Trender (W)

Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Jon E Grant (JE)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.

M Berk Mirza (MB)

Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Rosalyn Moran (R)

Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Peter J Hellyer (PJ)

Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Samuel R Chamberlain (SR)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.

Classifications MeSH