Epilepsy in the Sanaga-Mbam valley, an onchocerciasis-endemic region in Cameroon: electroclinical and neuropsychological findings.
Cameroon
electrophysiology
epilepsy
neuropsychology
nodding syndrome
onchocerciasis
Journal
Epilepsia open
ISSN: 2470-9239
Titre abrégé: Epilepsia Open
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101692036
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2021
09 2021
Historique:
revised:
17
04
2021
received:
14
12
2020
accepted:
20
04
2021
entrez:
9
2
2022
pubmed:
10
2
2022
medline:
19
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Epilepsy is highly prevalent in onchocerciasis-endemic African regions. Various types of epilepsy have been described in such regions based essentially on clinical characteristics. We conducted a clinical, neurophysiological and neuropsychological study of epilepsy in the onchocerciasis-endemic region of Ntui, Sanaga-Mbam area, Cameroon. One hundred and eighty-seven persons with presumed epilepsy were recruited in an epilepsy clinic in Ntui. Epilepsy was clinically confirmed in 144 (79%) subjects, 69 (46.0%) of them met the onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE) criteria, and 51 of 106 tested (48.1%) presented Ov16 antibodies. Electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded in 91 participants, of which 36 (33%) were considered abnormal and 27 of 36 (75%) revealed bifrontotemporal spike and slow waves. Concerning the neuropsychological evaluation, 29% showed severe global cognitive impairment, 28% severe episodic memory impairment, and 66% severe frontal cognitive impairment. Half of the persons with epilepsy (PWE) suffered from a mental disorder. In PWE in the Sanaga-Mbam area in Cameroon, we observed EEG patterns similar to those described among persons with OAE, including nodding syndrome in other onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Most PWE presented with severe cognitive impairment. We hypothesize that onchocerciasis may induce neurocognitive disorders and epilepsy via a mechanism that involves mainly the frontal and temporal regions of the brain.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35138694
doi: 10.1002/epi4.12510
pmc: PMC8408605
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
513-527Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Epilepsia Open published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy.
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