The Microbiota-Gut Axis in Premature Infants: Physio-Pathological Implications.


Journal

Cells
ISSN: 2073-4409
Titre abrégé: Cells
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101600052

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
23 01 2022
Historique:
received: 13 11 2021
revised: 22 12 2021
accepted: 17 01 2022
entrez: 15 2 2022
pubmed: 16 2 2022
medline: 9 4 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Intriguing evidence is emerging in regard to the influence of gut microbiota composition and function on host health from the very early stages of life. The development of the saprophytic microflora is conditioned by several factors in infants, and peculiarities have been found for babies born prematurely. This population is particularly exposed to a high risk of infection, postnatal antibiotic treatment, feeding difficulties and neurodevelopmental disabilities. To date, there is still a wide gap in understanding all the determinants and the mechanism behind microbiota disruption and its influence in the development of the most common complications of premature infants. A large body of evidence has emerged during the last decades showing the existence of a bidirectional communication axis involving the gut microbiota, the gut and the brain, defined as the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this context, given that very few data are available to demonstrate the correlation between microbiota dysbiosis and neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants, increasing interest has arisen to better understand the impact of the microbiota-gut-brain axis on the clinical outcomes of premature infants and to clarify how this may lead to alternative preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In this review, we explored the current evidence regarding microbiota development in premature infants, focusing on the effects of delivery mode, type of feeding, environmental factors and possible influence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis on preterm clinical outcomes during their hospital stay and on their health status later in life.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35159189
pii: cells11030379
doi: 10.3390/cells11030379
pmc: PMC8834399
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

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Auteurs

Ilia Bresesti (I)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, ASST-Settelaghi, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Silvia Salvatore (S)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, ASST-Settelaghi, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Giorgia Valetti (G)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Andreina Baj (A)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Cristina Giaroni (C)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Massimo Agosti (M)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, "F. Del Ponte" Hospital, ASST-Settelaghi, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

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