Tick-borne pathogens in neotropical animals in Trinidad, West Indies.
Anaplasma
Ehrlichia
Hunters
Neotropical animals
Theileria
Tick-borne pathogens
Trinidad
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
19 Feb 2022
19 Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
05
10
2021
accepted:
28
01
2022
entrez:
20
2
2022
pubmed:
21
2
2022
medline:
23
2
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Ticks are important vectors of many pathogens that have contributed to the morbidity and mortality of humans and domestic animals worldwide. Wildlife species have also been implicated as reservoir hosts of a variety of tick-borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine which tick-transmitted pathogens were present in the animals harvested from the forest in Trinidad for human consumption. Thin blood smears from 43 neotropical animals were examined microscopically for tick-borne pathogens. Additionally, DNA extraction and PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene were used for amplification of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia while the gltA gene was used for Bartonella, and Rickettsia spp. and the 18S rRNA gene for Babesia, Hepatozoon and Theileria species. Pathogen DNA was amplified from four samples (a deer, collared peccary and two agoutis). Sequencing of the amplified products from the deer and collared peccary revealed 99.8% homology to Anaplasma bovis and 98.8% homology to Ehrlichia canis, respectively. Sequences from two agoutis revealed 90.4% homology to Theileria spp. DNA of Hepatozoon spp., Bartonella spp. Babesia spp. and Rickettsia spp. was not detected in any of the screened samples. An incidental finding in this study was the presence of bacteria in the blood of animals. The results indicate that the DNA of tick-transmitted pathogens is present at a frequency of about 10% in the study population and suggests that neotropical mammals may serve as a source for the potential transmission of tick-borne pathogens to domestic animals and humans. In addition, physicians and hunters should be aware of the symptoms associated with zoonotic tick-borne pathogens so that these infections can be recognised, diagnosed and treated promptly. Bacteria present in carcasses can pose a food safety hazard and hunters should be trained in proper harvesting and handling of carcasses.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Ticks are important vectors of many pathogens that have contributed to the morbidity and mortality of humans and domestic animals worldwide. Wildlife species have also been implicated as reservoir hosts of a variety of tick-borne pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine which tick-transmitted pathogens were present in the animals harvested from the forest in Trinidad for human consumption.
METHODS
METHODS
Thin blood smears from 43 neotropical animals were examined microscopically for tick-borne pathogens. Additionally, DNA extraction and PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene were used for amplification of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia while the gltA gene was used for Bartonella, and Rickettsia spp. and the 18S rRNA gene for Babesia, Hepatozoon and Theileria species.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Pathogen DNA was amplified from four samples (a deer, collared peccary and two agoutis). Sequencing of the amplified products from the deer and collared peccary revealed 99.8% homology to Anaplasma bovis and 98.8% homology to Ehrlichia canis, respectively. Sequences from two agoutis revealed 90.4% homology to Theileria spp. DNA of Hepatozoon spp., Bartonella spp. Babesia spp. and Rickettsia spp. was not detected in any of the screened samples. An incidental finding in this study was the presence of bacteria in the blood of animals.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that the DNA of tick-transmitted pathogens is present at a frequency of about 10% in the study population and suggests that neotropical mammals may serve as a source for the potential transmission of tick-borne pathogens to domestic animals and humans. In addition, physicians and hunters should be aware of the symptoms associated with zoonotic tick-borne pathogens so that these infections can be recognised, diagnosed and treated promptly. Bacteria present in carcasses can pose a food safety hazard and hunters should be trained in proper harvesting and handling of carcasses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35183241
doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05184-z
pii: 10.1186/s13071-022-05184-z
pmc: PMC8858492
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
62Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
Références
Emerg Infect Dis. 1998 Apr-Jun;4(2):179-86
pubmed: 9621188
Vet Parasitol. 2001 Aug 31;99(4):273-86
pubmed: 11511414
J Parasitol. 2000 Oct;86(5):1035-40
pubmed: 11128476
Vet Microbiol. 2002 Oct 22;89(2-3):223-38
pubmed: 12243899
J Parasitol. 1996 Aug;82(4):565-85
pubmed: 8691364
J Parasitol. 1960 Jun;46:355-61
pubmed: 14410554
Vet Parasitol. 2010 Oct 29;173(3-4):292-9
pubmed: 20674177
Vet Parasitol. 2016 Aug 15;226:132-7
pubmed: 27514898
J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jan;36(1):73-6
pubmed: 9431923
Vet Parasitol. 2006 Jun 30;139(1-3):262-6
pubmed: 16621285
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006 Mar 31;55(RR-4):1-27
pubmed: 16572105
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2017 Aug;9:98-103
pubmed: 31014852
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Feb;72(2):1102-9
pubmed: 16461655
Clin Chem. 2009 Apr;55(4):611-22
pubmed: 19246619
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2017 Mar;17(3):165-171
pubmed: 27992293
J Med Entomol. 1969 May;6(2):207-15
pubmed: 5807863
J Wildl Dis. 1984 Jan;20(1):12-20
pubmed: 6716555
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2016 Dec;63(6):e228-e236
pubmed: 25660960
Acta Trop. 1997 Sep 30;67(3):229-34
pubmed: 9241387
J Clin Microbiol. 1996 Aug;34(8):1952-6
pubmed: 8818889
J Parasitol. 2006 Feb;92(1):93-9
pubmed: 16629322
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Feb;17(2):176-80
pubmed: 20331680
Lab Anim Sci. 1999 Jun;49(3):319-23
pubmed: 10403450
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Dec;1149:196-9
pubmed: 19120209
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Oct;1078:110-7
pubmed: 17114689
J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Jun;37(6):1782-9
pubmed: 10325324
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001 Nov;51(Pt 6):2145-2165
pubmed: 11760958
Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Mar 15;32(6):897-928
pubmed: 11247714
Parasit Vectors. 2009 Mar 26;2 Suppl 1:S4
pubmed: 19426443
J Med Entomol. 2021 Jul 16;58(4):1565-1587
pubmed: 33885784
BMC Infect Dis. 2005 Aug 12;5:63
pubmed: 16098227
Med Vet Entomol. 2015 Sep;29(3):344-8
pubmed: 25865162
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jun;82(6):1140-5
pubmed: 20519614
J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Apr;39(4):1221-6
pubmed: 11283031
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Aug;61(2):344-9
pubmed: 10463692
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2017 Jan;8(1):36-40
pubmed: 27682202
Vet Parasitol. 2008 Feb 14;151(2-4):332-6
pubmed: 18079064
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2000 Nov-Dec;94(6):707-8
pubmed: 11198664
J Vet Intern Med. 2011 Jul-Aug;25(4):805-10
pubmed: 21615498
Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2017 May 26;6(2):115-121
pubmed: 28603688
J Med Entomol. 2006 Jan;43(1):110-2
pubmed: 16506456
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Nov;48(11):4488-90
pubmed: 15504892
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2020 Nov 23;29(4):e015420
pubmed: 33237125
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Sep 6;13(9):e0007734
pubmed: 31490924
J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10
pubmed: 2231712
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Feb 10;175(3-4):363-6
pubmed: 21051152
J Wildl Dis. 2006 Apr;42(2):386-90
pubmed: 16870862