Good, bad, and neglectful: Astrocyte changes in neurodegenerative disease.
Journal
Free radical biology & medicine
ISSN: 1873-4596
Titre abrégé: Free Radic Biol Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8709159
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2022
03 2022
Historique:
received:
17
01
2022
revised:
11
02
2022
accepted:
18
02
2022
pubmed:
25
2
2022
medline:
6
4
2022
entrez:
24
2
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Astrocytes play key roles in CNS development as well as well as neuro-supportive roles in the mature brain including ionic, bioenergetic and redox homeostasis. Astrocytes undergo rapid changes following acute CNS insults such as stroke or traumatic brain injury, but are also profoundly altered in chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. While disease-altered astrocytes are often referred to as reactive, this does not represent a single cellular state or group of states, but a shift in astrocyte properties that is determined by the type of insult as well as spatio-temporal factors. Such changes can accelerate disease progression due to astrocytes neglecting their normal homeostatic neuro-supportive roles, as well as by gaining active neuro-toxic properties. However, other aspects of astrocytic responses to chronic disease can include the induction of adaptive-protective pathways. This is particularly the case when considering antioxidant defences, which can be up-regulated in many cell types, including astrocytes, in response to stresses, sometimes in concert with the activation of detoxification and proteostasis pathways. Protective responses, whilst potentially serving to mitigate neuronal dysfunction, may ultimately fail due to being insufficiently strong, or be offset by other deleterious changes to astrocytes occurring in parallel. Nevertheless, a greater understanding of early adaptive-protective responses of astrocytes to neurodegenerative disease pathology may point to ways in which these responses may be harnessed for therapeutic effect.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35202786
pii: S0891-5849(22)00073-9
doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.020
pmc: PMC8969603
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
93-99Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Chief Scientist Office
ID : PCL/20/05
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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