Podocytopathy in patients with monoclonal gammopathy: three patients and literature review.

MGRS Wäldestrom disease focal segmental glomerulosclerosis minimal change disease multiple myeloma podocytopathy

Journal

Clinical kidney journal
ISSN: 2048-8505
Titre abrégé: Clin Kidney J
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101579321

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Mar 2022
Historique:
received: 21 04 2021
entrez: 25 2 2022
pubmed: 26 2 2022
medline: 26 2 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Renal manifestations of monoclonal gammopathies are of increasing interest among nephrologists. Typical manifestations include light chain cast nephropathy, amyloidosis or renal damage mediated by monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition. Podocytopathies in the setting of an underlying monoclonal gammopathy constitute a rare manifestation of these diseases and, although being described in the literature, remain a challenge since most data derive from case reports. A retrospective review of the clinical data of Hospital del Mar and Hospital Vall d'Hebron was performed to identify patients with minimal change disease (MCD) or focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in the setting of neoplasms that produce monoclonal (M) protein. Additionally, a literature review on this topic was performed. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients. Three patients were identified to have podocytopathy and monoclonal gammopathy between the years 2013 and 2020. All three were males and  >65 years of age. Two patients were diagnosed with MCD and one patient was diagnosed with FSGS. All patients underwent a kidney biopsy and light and electron microscopic studies were performed. The underlying causes of monoclonal gammopathy were multiple myeloma in two cases and Waldeström macroglobulinemia in one case. Two patients developed nephrotic syndrome during the follow-up. All patients were under active hematological treatment. One patient presented a complete remission of proteinuria whereas the other two presented a partial remission. Podocytopathies may infrequently be found in patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Patients with overt glomerular proteinuria and hematological disorders with M protein should undergo a kidney biopsy for prompt diagnosis and to specify a prognosis. In addition, further study on this matter must be done to understand the pathophysiology and treat these patients appropriately.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Renal manifestations of monoclonal gammopathies are of increasing interest among nephrologists. Typical manifestations include light chain cast nephropathy, amyloidosis or renal damage mediated by monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition. Podocytopathies in the setting of an underlying monoclonal gammopathy constitute a rare manifestation of these diseases and, although being described in the literature, remain a challenge since most data derive from case reports.
METHODS METHODS
A retrospective review of the clinical data of Hospital del Mar and Hospital Vall d'Hebron was performed to identify patients with minimal change disease (MCD) or focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in the setting of neoplasms that produce monoclonal (M) protein. Additionally, a literature review on this topic was performed. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of these patients.
RESULTS RESULTS
Three patients were identified to have podocytopathy and monoclonal gammopathy between the years 2013 and 2020. All three were males and  >65 years of age. Two patients were diagnosed with MCD and one patient was diagnosed with FSGS. All patients underwent a kidney biopsy and light and electron microscopic studies were performed. The underlying causes of monoclonal gammopathy were multiple myeloma in two cases and Waldeström macroglobulinemia in one case. Two patients developed nephrotic syndrome during the follow-up. All patients were under active hematological treatment. One patient presented a complete remission of proteinuria whereas the other two presented a partial remission.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Podocytopathies may infrequently be found in patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Patients with overt glomerular proteinuria and hematological disorders with M protein should undergo a kidney biopsy for prompt diagnosis and to specify a prognosis. In addition, further study on this matter must be done to understand the pathophysiology and treat these patients appropriately.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35211301
doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfab176
pii: sfab176
pmc: PMC8862048
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

417-424

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the ERA.

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Auteurs

Andrés Ribas (A)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Adrián Puche (A)

Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Javier Gimeno (J)

Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Laia Sans (L)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Clara Barrios (C)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Eva Márquez (E)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Dolores Naranjo (D)

Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Belén Lloveras (B)

Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Joan Lop (J)

Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Natàlia Ramos (N)

Nephrology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.

Maria José Soler (MJ)

Nephrology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.

Alejandra Gabaldon (A)

Pathology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.

Marta Crespo (M)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Eva Rodríguez (E)

Nephrology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.

Classifications MeSH