Internalized stigma, depressive symptoms, and the modifying role of antiretroviral therapy: A cohort study in rural Uganda.
Antiretroviral therapy
Depression
Discrimination
HIV
Mental health
Prejudice
Stigma
Sub-saharan africa
Uganda
Journal
SSM. Mental health
ISSN: 2666-5603
Titre abrégé: SSM Ment Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9918248909306676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Dec 2021
Historique:
entrez:
7
3
2022
pubmed:
8
3
2022
medline:
8
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Depression affects over 40% of people with HIV (PHIV) in low- and middle-income countries, and over half of PHIV report HIV-related internalized stigma. However, few longitudinal studies of PHIV have examined the relationship between HIV-related stigma and depression. Data were analyzed from the 2007-15 Uganda AIDS Rural Treatment Outcomes (UARTO) Study, a cohort of 454 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve PHIV (68% women) starting ART. Our primary outcome was depression symptom severity over the first two years of ART, measured using a locally adapted version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist; our primary exposure was the 6-item Internalized AIDS-Related Stigma Scale. Both scores were measured at enrollment and at quarterly follow-up visits. We fit linear generalized estimating equations (GEE) regression models to estimate the association between stigma and depression symptom severity, adjusting for potential confounders. We included a stigma×time product term to assess the modifying effect of ART on the association between internalized stigma and depression symptom severity. UARTO participants had a median age of 32 years and median enrollment CD4 count of 217 cells/mm
Identifiants
pubmed: 35252904
doi: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2021.100034
pmc: PMC8896824
mid: NIHMS1777145
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : K23 AI138856
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH054907
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K23 MH108440
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH113494
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAAA NIH HHS
ID : K24 AA015287
Pays : United States
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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