Anatomical characterization of the too-long anterior process of the calcaneum: a computed tomography scan analysis of 69 feet.
Journal
Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B
ISSN: 1473-5865
Titre abrégé: J Pediatr Orthop B
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9300904
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Jan 2023
01 Jan 2023
Historique:
pubmed:
9
3
2022
medline:
15
12
2022
entrez:
8
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Our work aims to identify and measure the morpho-anatomical characteristics of too-long anterior calcaneal process based on computed tomography scans done in patients with a history of pain and who have experienced repeated ankle sprains. The computed tomography scans of 69 feet were reviewed. These scans were used to calculate (1) the calcaneo-navicular distance; (2) the height, length, and width of the too-long anterior calcaneal process; (3) the length of the calcaneum; (4) the angle of the too-long anterior calcaneal process in the sagittal (anterior-superior angle), axial (anterior-medial angle), and frontal plane. Out of 69 feet, forty-nine were pathological (71%) with abnormalities of the too-long anterior calcaneal process, while the rest (29%) had no morphological abnormalities. The calcaneo-navicular distance was found to be <5 mm (mean: 2.8 ± 1.2 mm) in all pathological feet, which also had significantly reduced calcaneo-navicular distance ( P < 0.001) and longer bone portion distal to the calcaneocuboid tangent ( P < 0.001) in comparison to normal feet. In pathological feet, the mean too-long anterior calcaneal process length was 10.7 ± 1.9 mm; the mean anterior-superior angle was 29.6 ° ± 11.6, the mean angle anterior-medial angle was 40.7 ° ± 8.3, the mean angle frontal plane was 74.2 ° ± 14.1. Similar to a cone or a parallelepiped, the too-long anterior calcaneal process has a complex three-dimensional anatomy, with a superior, medial, and anterior direction. Using the measurements obtained, four different too-long anterior calcaneal process morphotypes could be identified: absence of TLACP, triangular shape, rectangular shape, and coalition (level of evidence III).
Identifiants
pubmed: 35258029
doi: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000969
pii: 01202412-202301000-00008
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
47-53Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Références
Harris RI. Retrospect–personeal spastic flat foot (rigid valgus foot). J Bone Joint Surg Am 1965; 47:1657–1667.
Leonard MA. The inheritance of tarsal coalition and its relationship to spastic flat foot. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1974; 56B:520–526.
Hardy J, Pouliquen JC. Excessively long calcaneal spur. A rudimentary form of calcaneo-navicular synostosis. Rev Chir Orthop 1983; 69:567–572 [French].
Pouliquen JC, Duranthon DL, Glorion C, Kassis B, Langlais J. [Too long antero-medial process of the calcaneus. A study of 59 cases in 37 children and adolescents]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1997; 83:658–664.
Pouliquen JC, Duranthon LD, Glorion C, Kassis B, Langlais J. The too-long anterior process calcaneus: a report of 39 cases in 25 children and adolescents. J Pediatr Orthop 1998; 18:333–336.
Rosello O, Solla F, Oborocianu I, Chau E, Yagoubi F, Clément JL, Rampal V. Too-long calcaneal process: results of surgical treatment and prognostic factors. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2016; 102:663–667.
Bourlez J, Joly-Monrigal P, Alkar F, Laborde A, Cottalorda J, Louahem D, Delpont M. Does arthroscopic resection of a too-long anterior process improve static disorders of the foot in children and adolescents? Int Orthop 2018; 42:1307–1312.
el Hayek T, D’Ollone T, Rubio A, Lusakisimo S, Griffet J. A too-long anterior process of the calcaneus: a report of 31 operated cases. J Pediatr Orthop B 2009; 18:163–166.
Knörr J, Accadbled F, Abid A, Darodes P, Torres A, Cahuzac JP, Sales de Gauzy J. Arthroscopic treatment of calcaneonavicular coalition in children. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2011; 97:565–568.
Gonzalez P, Kumar SJ. Calcaneonavicular coalition treated by resection and interposition of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1990; 72:71–77.
Lui TH. Arthroscopic resection of the calcaneo-navicular coalition or the “toolong” anterior process of the calcaneus. Arthroscopy 2006; 22:903.e1–4.
Lui TH. Arthroscopic resection of too-long anterior process of the calcaneus. Arthrosc Tech 2016;5:e1179–e1183.
Rouvreau P, Pouliquen JC, Langlais J, Glorion C, de Cerqueira Daltro G. Synostosis and tarsal coalitions inchildren. A study of 68 cases in 47 patients. Rev Chir Orthop 1994; 80:252–260 [French].
Chapman VM. The anteater nose sign. Radiology 2007; 245:604–605.
Cooperman DR, Janke BE, Gilmore A, Latimer BM, Brinker MR, Thompson GH. A three-dimensional study of calcaneonavicular tarsal coalitions. J Pediatr Orthop 2001; 21:648–651.
Glorion C, Odent T, Cadilhac F, Pouliquen JC. Synostoses et coalitionstarsiennes chez l’enfant. In: Moulies D, Tanguy A, editors. Le pied de l’Enfant.Monographies du GEOP. Sauramps Medical 2001; pp. 115–124 [French].
Stoskopf CA, Hernandez RJ, Kelikian A, Tachdjian MO, Dias LS. Evaluation of tarsal coalition by computed tomography. J Pediatr Orthop 1984; 4:365–369.
Swensen SJ, Otsuka NY. Tarsal Coalitions–Calcaneonavicular Coalitions. Foot Ankle Clin 2015; 20:669–679.
Massen FK, Baumbach SF, Herterich V, Böcker W, Waizy H, Polzer H. Fractures to the anterior process of the calcaneus - Clinical results following functional treatment. Injury 2019; 50:1781–1786.
Newman JS, Newberg AH. Congenital tarsal coalition: multimodality evaluation with emphasis on CT and MR imaging. Radiographics 2000; 20:321–32; quiz 526.
Gould N, Moreland M, Trevino S, Alvarez R, Fenwick J, Bach N. Foot growth in children age one to five years. Foot Ankle 1990; 10:211–213.
Wenger DR, Mauldin D, Morgan D, Sobol MG, Pennebaker M, Thaler R. Foot growth rate in children age one to six years. Foot Ankle 1983; 3:207–210.
Anderson M, Blais M, Green WT. Growth of the normal foot during childhood and adolescence; length of the foot and interrelations of foot, stature, and lower extremity as seen in serial records of children between 1-18 years of age. Am J Phys Anthropol 1956; 14:287–308.
Upasani VV, Chambers RC, Mubarak SJ. Analysis of calcaneonavicular coalitions using multi-planar three-dimensional computed tomography. J Child Orthop 2008; 2:301–307.
Stormont DM, Peterson HA. The relative incidence of tarsal coalition. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1983; 181:28–36.
Docquier PL, Maldaque P, Bouchard M. Tarsal coalition in paediatric patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2019; 105:S123–S131.
Li C, Yu G. [Progress in diagnosis and treatment of tarsal coalition]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2012; 26:874–879.