Hypochlorous acid as a disinfectant for high-risk HPV: Insight into the mechanism of action.
biochemical analysis
human papillomavirus
mass analysis
research and analysis methods
virus classification
Journal
Journal of medical virology
ISSN: 1096-9071
Titre abrégé: J Med Virol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7705876
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
revised:
11
02
2022
received:
16
12
2021
accepted:
12
02
2022
pubmed:
13
3
2022
medline:
21
5
2022
entrez:
12
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Medical instruments that are not autoclavable but may become contaminated with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) during use must be thoroughly disinfected to avoid the possibility of iatrogenic transmission of infection. There is an expectation that prolonged soaking of instruments in the United States Food and Drug Administration-cleared chemical disinfectant solutions will result in high-level decontamination, but HPV16 and HPV18 are known to be resistant to commonly used formulations. However, they are susceptible to a variety of oxidative agents, including those based on chlorine. Here, we tested the efficacy of homogeneous hypochlorous acid (HOCl) solutions against mature infectious virions of HPV16 and HPV18 dried onto butadiene styrene coupons and ultrasonic probes. Both viruses were inactivated to >4 log reduction value (LRV) after 15 s on coupons and 5 min on ultrasonic probes. Morphologic changes became evident within those contact times by transmission electron microscopy when HPV16 virus-like particles were exposed to HOCl under identical conditions. Mass spectrometry analysis of trypsin-digested products of L1 capsid proteins exposed to HOCl showed that mostly conserved residues were modified by oxidation and that these changes rapidly lead to instability of the protein demonstrable on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Modifications to these residues may contribute to rapid virus inactivation. The use of homogeneous HOCl solutions for HPV decontamination provides a highly effective means of assuring the safety of nonautoclavable medical instruments.
Substances chimiques
Capsid Proteins
0
Disinfectants
0
Hypochlorous Acid
712K4CDC10
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3386-3393Informations de copyright
© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Références
Gallay C, Miranda E, Schaefer S, et al. Human papillomavirus (HPV) contamination of gynaecological equipment. Sex Trans Inf. 2016;92(1):19-23.
Ryndock E, Robison R, Meyers C. Susceptibility of HPV16 and 18 to high level disinfectants indicated for semi-critical ultrasound probes. J Med Virol. 2016;88(6):1076-1080.
Fast O, Fast C, Fast D, Veltjens S, Salami Z, White MC. Limited sterile processing capabilities for safe surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: experience in the Republic of Congo, Madagascar and Benin. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2(suppl 4):e000428.
Meyers J, Ryndock E, Conway MJ, Meyers C, Robison R. Susceptibility of high-risk human papillomavirus type 16 to clinical disinfectants. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014;69(6):1546-1550.
Ozbun MA, Bondu V, Patterson NA, et al. Infectious titres of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in patient lesions, methodological considerations in evaluating HPV infectivity and implications for the efficacy of high-level disinfectants. EBioMedicine. 2021;63:63.
Egawa N, Shiraz A, Crawford R, et al. Dynamics of papillomavirus in vivo disease formation & susceptibility to high-level disinfection-Implications for transmission in clinical settings. EBioMedicine. 2021;63:103177.
Meyers C, Milici J, Robison R. The ability of two chlorine dioxide chemistries to inactivate human papillomavirus-contaminated endocavitary ultrasound probes and nasendoscopes. J Med Virol. 2020;92(8):1298-1302.
Meyers C, Milici J, Robison R. UVC radiation as an effective disinfectant method to inactivate human papillomaviruses. PLoS One. 2017;12(10):e0187377.
Ryndock EJ, Conway MJ, Alam S, et al. Roles for human papillomavirus type 16 L1 cysteine residues 161, 229, and 379 in genome encapsidation and capsid stability. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99488.
Abramowicz JS, Evans DH, Fowlkes JB, Maršal K, terHaar G. Guidelines for cleaning transvaginal ultrasound transducers between patients. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017;43(5):1076-1079.
Hughson AG, Race B, Kraus A, Sangare LR. Inactivation of prions and amyloid seeds with hypochlorous acid. PLoS Pathog. 2016;12:e1005914.
Block MS, Rowan BG. Hypochlorous acid: a review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;78(9):1461-1466.
Conway MJ, Cruz L, Alam S, Christensen ND, Meyers C. Cross-neutralization potential of native human papillomavirus N-terminal L2 epitopes. PLoS One. 2011;6(2):e16405.
Biryukov J, Cruz L, Ryndock EJ, Meyers C. Native human papillomavirus production, quantification, and infectivity analysis. Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1249:317-331.
Conway MJ, Alam S, Ryndock EJ, et al. Tissue-spanning redox gradient-dependent assembly of native human papillomavirus type 16 virions. J Virol. 2009;83(20):10515-10526.
Conway MJ, Cruz L, Alam S, Christensen ND, Meyers C. Differentiation-dependent interpentameric disulfide bond stabilizes native human papillomavirus type 16. PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22427.
Israr M, Biryukov J, Ryndock EJ, Alam S, Meyers C. Comparison of human papillomavirus type 16 replication in tonsil and foreskin epithelia. Virology. 2016;499:82-90.
Buck CB, Pastrana DV, Lowy DR, Schiller JT. Efficient intracellular assembly of papillomaviral vectors. J Virol. 2004;78(2):751-757.
Carrell Morris J. The acid ionization constant of HOCl from 5 to 35°. J Phys Chem. 1966;70(12):3798-3805.
Raff Adam B, Woodham Andrew W, Raff Laura M, Skeate Joseph G, Yan L. Da Silva Diane M, et al. The Evolving field of human papillomavirus receptor research: a review of binding and entry. J Virol. 2013;87(11):6062-6072.
Richards KF, Bienkowska-Haba M, Dasgupta J, Chen XS, Sapp M. Multiple heparan sulfate binding site engagements are required for the infectious entry of human papillomavirus type 16. J Virol. 2013;87(21):11426-11437.
Casalegno J-s, Le Bail Carval K, Eibach D, et al. High risk HPV contamination of endocavity vaginal ultrasound probes: an underestimated route of nosocomial infection? PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e48137.
Ma STC, Yeung AC, Chan PKS, Graham CA. Transvaginal ultrasound probe contamination by the human papillomavirus in the emergency department. Emerg Med J. 2013;30(6):472-475.
Liu G, Sharma M, Tan N, Barnabas RV. HIV-positive women have higher risk of human papilloma virus infection, precancerous lesions, and cervical cancer. AIDS. 2018;32(6):795-808.
Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Oropharyngeal cancer epidemic and human papillomavirus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16(11):1671-1677.
Berman TA, Schiller JT. Human papillomavirus in cervical cancer and oropharyngeal cancer: one cause, two diseases. Cancer. 2017;123(12):2219-2229.
Dasgupta J, Bienkowska-Haba M, Ortega ME, et al. Structural basis of oligosaccharide receptor recognition by human papillomavirus. J Biol Chem. 2011;286(4):2617-2624.
DiGiuseppe S, Bienkowska-Haba M, Guion Lucile GM, Keiffer Timothy R, Sapp M, Banks L. Human papillomavirus major capsid protein L1 remains associated with the incoming viral genome throughout the entry process. J Virol. 2017;91(16):e00537-17.
Buck CB, Day PM, Trus BL. The papillomavirus major capsid protein L1. Virology. 2013;445(1):169-174.
Hawkins CL. Hypochlorous acid-mediated modification of proteins and its consequences. Essays Biochem. 2020;64(1):75-86.
Albrich JM, McCarthy CA, Hurst JK. Biological reactivity of hypochlorous acid: implications for microbicidal mechanisms of leukocyte myeloperoxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1981;78(1):210-214.
Baidya S, Das R, Kabir MG, Arifuzzaman M. Epitope design of L1 protein for vaccine production against human papilloma virus types 16 and 18. Bioinformation. 2017;13(3):86-93.
Pattison DI, Davies MJ. Absolute rate constants for the reaction of hypochlorous acid with protein side chains and peptide bonds. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001;14(10):1453-1464.
Carse S, Bergant M, Schäfer G. Advances in targeting HPV infection as potential alternative prophylactic means. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(4).
Winterbourn CC, Kettle AJ, Hampton MB. Reactive oxygen species and neutrophil function. Annu Rev Biochem. 2016;85:765-792.
Winterbourn CC, Hampton MB, Livesey JH, Kettle AJ. Modeling the reactions of superoxide and myeloperoxidase in the neutrophil phagosome: implications for microbial killing. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(52):39860-39869.
Del Rosso JQ, Bhatia N. Status report on topical hypochlorous acid: clinical relevance of specific formulations, potential modes of action, and study outcomes. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2018;11(11):36-39.
Jandova J, Snell J, Hua A, Dickinson S, Fimbres J, Wondrak GT. Topical hypochlorous acid (HOCl) blocks inflammatory gene expression and tumorigenic progression in UV-exposed SKH-1 high risk mouse skin. Redox Biol. 2021;45:102042.
Meyers C. Organotypic (raft) epithelial tissue culture system for the differentiation-dependent replication of papillomavirus. Methods Cell Sci. 1996;18(3):201-210.