Unpleasant olfactory and gustatory stimuli increase pain unpleasantness in patients with chronic oral burning pain: An exploratory study.
Journal
European journal of pain (London, England)
ISSN: 1532-2149
Titre abrégé: Eur J Pain
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9801774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2022
05 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
14
3
2022
medline:
21
4
2022
entrez:
13
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Despite mounting evidence for the powerful influence of smell and taste substances in experimental pain, our knowledge of their effects in the clinical context is scarce, especially for patients with chronic oral burning pain. To fill this gap, we investigated the effect of olfactory and gustatory stimuli on pain perception in patients with chronic oral burning pain, a disabling condition that is difficult to manage and treat. Twenty-two patients with chronic oral burning pain underwent testing with a variety of olfactory and gustatory substances (pleasant, neutral, unpleasant) in multisensory interaction. The order of testing was randomized. Perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness was evaluated on a numerical rating scale at baseline and immediately after each test trial. Pain unpleasantness but not pain intensity was found to be modulated by chemosensory stimuli. Unpleasant olfactory and gustatory stimuli increased the perception of pain unpleasantness compared to pleasant and neutral stimuli. Pain unpleasantness after unpleasant olfactory and gustatory stimuli correlated with psychological questionnaire subscale scores for distress (CORE-OM) and emotional awareness (TAS-20). Our findings suggest a role of unpleasant chemosensory stimuli in increasing the perception of pain unpleasantness in patients with chronic oral burning. The lack of an effect on pain intensity indicates a dissociation between sensory and affective pain components. Future research is needed to further study the association between chemosensory stimuli and emotional and subjective aspects in modulating chronic oral burning pain. This exploratory work suggests that unpleasant smell and taste stimuli may have an adverse effect on the affective component of chronic oral burning pain. Future comprehensive large-scale research, also applying brain imaging investigations as well as full psychological analysis, is required to better understand the role of smell and taste stimuli on this chronic and disabling pain condition.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Despite mounting evidence for the powerful influence of smell and taste substances in experimental pain, our knowledge of their effects in the clinical context is scarce, especially for patients with chronic oral burning pain. To fill this gap, we investigated the effect of olfactory and gustatory stimuli on pain perception in patients with chronic oral burning pain, a disabling condition that is difficult to manage and treat.
METHODS
Twenty-two patients with chronic oral burning pain underwent testing with a variety of olfactory and gustatory substances (pleasant, neutral, unpleasant) in multisensory interaction. The order of testing was randomized. Perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness was evaluated on a numerical rating scale at baseline and immediately after each test trial.
RESULTS
Pain unpleasantness but not pain intensity was found to be modulated by chemosensory stimuli. Unpleasant olfactory and gustatory stimuli increased the perception of pain unpleasantness compared to pleasant and neutral stimuli. Pain unpleasantness after unpleasant olfactory and gustatory stimuli correlated with psychological questionnaire subscale scores for distress (CORE-OM) and emotional awareness (TAS-20).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest a role of unpleasant chemosensory stimuli in increasing the perception of pain unpleasantness in patients with chronic oral burning. The lack of an effect on pain intensity indicates a dissociation between sensory and affective pain components. Future research is needed to further study the association between chemosensory stimuli and emotional and subjective aspects in modulating chronic oral burning pain.
SIGNIFICANCE
This exploratory work suggests that unpleasant smell and taste stimuli may have an adverse effect on the affective component of chronic oral burning pain. Future comprehensive large-scale research, also applying brain imaging investigations as well as full psychological analysis, is required to better understand the role of smell and taste stimuli on this chronic and disabling pain condition.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35279917
doi: 10.1002/ejp.1933
pmc: PMC9313804
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1094-1106Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. European Journal of Pain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Pain Federation - EFIC ®.
Références
Pain Ther. 2021 Jun;10(1):245-268
pubmed: 33635507
J Neurosurg. 2010 Sep;113(3):516-23
pubmed: 20151778
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1987 Jan;63(1):30-6
pubmed: 3468464
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2007 Mar;264(3):237-43
pubmed: 17021776
J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2020 Summer;34(3):217-221
pubmed: 32870950
Histol Histopathol. 2014 Apr;29(4):523-33
pubmed: 24190005
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;63:278-287
pubmed: 16733345
Headache. 2011 Mar;51(3):444-446
pubmed: 21352218
Pain. 2006 Jun;122(3):223-234
pubmed: 16632202
Chem Senses. 2010 Jan;35(1):3-20
pubmed: 19942579
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;82(4):903-22
pubmed: 27203797
Eur J Pain. 2022 May;26(5):1094-1106
pubmed: 35279917
J Neurosci. 2009 Jan 21;29(3):705-15
pubmed: 19158297
Neuroreport. 2010 Apr 21;21(6):427-31
pubmed: 20220542
J Neurol. 2009 Feb;256(2):242-8
pubmed: 19221845
Gen Dent. 2019 Mar-Apr;67(2):24-29
pubmed: 30875303
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2002 Apr;12(2):195-204
pubmed: 12015237
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2009 Sep-Oct;16(5):444-9
pubmed: 19701881
Qual Life Res. 2012 Aug;21(6):1045-50
pubmed: 21912846
Pain. 2003 Nov;106(1-2):101-8
pubmed: 14581116
Neuroradiology. 2017 May;59(5):525-532
pubmed: 28361345
J Neurol. 2015;262(4):806-13
pubmed: 25280862
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Nov 18;11:CD002779
pubmed: 27855478
Behav Res Methods. 2006 May;38(2):307-13
pubmed: 16956107
Pain. 2005 Dec 5;118(3):306-318
pubmed: 16289802
J Psychosom Res. 1996 Dec;41(6):551-9
pubmed: 9032718
Cephalalgia. 2017 Mar;37(3):265-277
pubmed: 27121358
Chin J Dent Res. 2018;21(1):9-19
pubmed: 29507908
Oral Dis. 2019 Mar;25(2):425-438
pubmed: 29569416
Pain. 2013 Oct;154(10):2054-2059
pubmed: 24040974
Br J Dermatol. 2015 Jun;172(6):1654-1656
pubmed: 25495557
Science. 2000 Jun 9;288(5472):1769-72
pubmed: 10846154
Pain. 2014 Aug;155(8):1472-1480
pubmed: 24769366
Pain. 1988 Apr;33(1):53-62
pubmed: 3380551
Pain. 1996 Apr;65(1):87-92
pubmed: 8826494
Rhinology. 2003 Mar;41(1):2-6
pubmed: 12677732
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Mar;47(3):374-378
pubmed: 29074062
Clin Neurophysiol. 2012 Jan;123(1):71-7
pubmed: 22030140
J Neurosci. 2013 Sep 25;33(39):15324-32
pubmed: 24068799
Pain Res Manag. 2017;2017:1926269
pubmed: 29180911
Pain Med. 2020 Oct 1;21(10):2546-2551
pubmed: 32289824
Eur J Pain. 2019 Nov;23(10):1790-1800
pubmed: 31291496
Eur J Pain. 2020 Nov;24(10):1946-1955
pubmed: 32780473
J Oral Rehabil. 2021 Apr;48(4):458-468
pubmed: 33368621
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2016 Aug;28(3):381-96
pubmed: 27475513
Pain. 2006 Jan;120(1-2):213-220
pubmed: 16361059
Oral Dis. 2006 Mar;12(2):152-5
pubmed: 16476036
Nurs Health Sci. 2011 Mar;13(1):34-40
pubmed: 21352431
Dermatol Clin. 2020 Oct;38(4):477-483
pubmed: 32892856
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Nov;47:469-84
pubmed: 25284337
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2020 Feb;129(2):120-124
pubmed: 31678041
Physiol Behav. 2016 Oct 1;164(Pt B):432-437
pubmed: 27174610