Therapeutic strategies for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: State-of-the-art and future perspectives.
Future perspectives
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Medical treatments
Overview
Radical surgery
Therapeutic strategies
Journal
World journal of gastrointestinal surgery
ISSN: 1948-9366
Titre abrégé: World J Gastrointest Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101532473
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
27 Feb 2022
27 Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
20
03
2021
revised:
18
10
2021
accepted:
25
01
2022
entrez:
23
3
2022
pubmed:
24
3
2022
medline:
24
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Although gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) have always been considered rare tumors, their incidence has risen over the past few decades. They represent a highly heterogeneous group of neoplasms with several prognostic factors, including disease stage, proliferative index (Ki67), and tumor differentiation. Most of these neoplasms express somatostatin receptors on the cell surface, a feature that has important implications in terms of prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy. Although International Guidelines propose algorithms aimed at guiding therapeutic strategies, GEP-NEN patients are still very different from one another, and the need for personalized treatment continues to increase. Radical surgery is always the best option when feasible; however, up to 80% of cases are metastatic upon diagnosis. Regarding medical treatments, as GEP-NENs are characterized by relatively long overall survival, multiple therapy lines are adopted during the lifetime of these patients, but the optimum sequence to be followed has never been clearly defined. Furthermore, although new molecular markers aimed at predicting the response to therapy, as well as prognostic scores, are currently being studied, their application is still far from being part of daily clinical practice. As they represent a complex disease, with therapeutic protocols that are not completely standardized, GEP-NENs require a multidisciplinary approach. This review will provide an overview of the available therapeutic options for GEP-NENs and attempts to clarify the possible approaches for the management of these patients and to discuss future perspectives in this field.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35317548
doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i2.78
pmc: PMC8908345
doi:
Types de publication
Editorial
Langues
eng
Pagination
78-106Informations de copyright
©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict-of-interest statement: All Authors declare no conflict of interest related to this publication.
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