ADHD and addictive behavior in crack-cocaine users.
ADHD
Addiction
Depressive disorders
Dépression
Mental health
Mood disorders
Psychiatrie
Psychiatry
Santé mentale
TDAH
Troubles de l’humeur
Journal
L'Encephale
ISSN: 0013-7006
Titre abrégé: Encephale
Pays: France
ID NLM: 7505643
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2023
Jun 2023
Historique:
received:
17
12
2021
revised:
21
12
2021
accepted:
05
01
2022
medline:
22
5
2023
pubmed:
24
3
2022
entrez:
23
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Crack consumption is a major public health issue in Martinique with a poor prognosis. A preliminary study has found a high prevalence of history of childhood ADHD (C-ADHD) in crack users. To determine the prevalence of C-ADHD and adult ADHD (A-ADHD) in crack users and their potential associations with substance use behavior. All consecutive patients consulting in the public academic hospital covering 376,000 inhabitants were included in the present study and received a comprehensive battery measuring addictive behavior, psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. C-ADHD groups and A-ADHD groups were defined with the Wender-Utah Rating Scale-25 and the Brown ADD Rating Scale, respectively. Impulsivity was evaluated with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). In total, 111 participants were evaluated. Among them, 50 (45%) were classified in the C-ADHD group and 20 (18%) in the A-ADHD group. Compared to the patients without ADHD, those with ADHD were found to have higher impulsivity (C-ADHD: BIS total score 67.90 (10.1) vs. 63.28 (10.5), P=0.021, BIS attentional score 17.5 (3.6) vs. 15.3 (3.4), P=0.002, A-ADHD: BIS total score 75.1 (11.3) vs. 63.4 (9.2), P<0.001, BIS motor impulsivity 26.9 (5.3) vs. 22.6 (4.3), P<0.001, BIS attentional score 19.3 (3.3) vs. 15.6 (3.5), P<0.001, BIS planification 28.9 (5.7) vs. 25.10 (4.7), P=0.003). Fifty percent of A-ADHD patients were found with high impulsivity vs. 15% of patients without A-ADHD (P<0.001). However, ADHD was not associated with more severe addictive behavior or history of legal consequences. ADHD prevalence is high in cocaine-crack users and associated with increased impulsivity. However, neither ADHD nor impulsivity explains addictive behaviors or legal consequences.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Crack consumption is a major public health issue in Martinique with a poor prognosis. A preliminary study has found a high prevalence of history of childhood ADHD (C-ADHD) in crack users.
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of C-ADHD and adult ADHD (A-ADHD) in crack users and their potential associations with substance use behavior.
METHODS
METHODS
All consecutive patients consulting in the public academic hospital covering 376,000 inhabitants were included in the present study and received a comprehensive battery measuring addictive behavior, psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. C-ADHD groups and A-ADHD groups were defined with the Wender-Utah Rating Scale-25 and the Brown ADD Rating Scale, respectively. Impulsivity was evaluated with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).
FINDINGS
RESULTS
In total, 111 participants were evaluated. Among them, 50 (45%) were classified in the C-ADHD group and 20 (18%) in the A-ADHD group. Compared to the patients without ADHD, those with ADHD were found to have higher impulsivity (C-ADHD: BIS total score 67.90 (10.1) vs. 63.28 (10.5), P=0.021, BIS attentional score 17.5 (3.6) vs. 15.3 (3.4), P=0.002, A-ADHD: BIS total score 75.1 (11.3) vs. 63.4 (9.2), P<0.001, BIS motor impulsivity 26.9 (5.3) vs. 22.6 (4.3), P<0.001, BIS attentional score 19.3 (3.3) vs. 15.6 (3.5), P<0.001, BIS planification 28.9 (5.7) vs. 25.10 (4.7), P=0.003). Fifty percent of A-ADHD patients were found with high impulsivity vs. 15% of patients without A-ADHD (P<0.001). However, ADHD was not associated with more severe addictive behavior or history of legal consequences.
INTERPRETATION
CONCLUSIONS
ADHD prevalence is high in cocaine-crack users and associated with increased impulsivity. However, neither ADHD nor impulsivity explains addictive behaviors or legal consequences.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35317940
pii: S0013-7006(22)00047-1
doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.01.008
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Crack Cocaine
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
284-288Informations de copyright
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