Calcium Channels in the Heart: Disease States and Drugs.
arrhythmia
calcium channel blockers
calcium channels
calcium ions
cardiac function
Journal
Cells
ISSN: 2073-4409
Titre abrégé: Cells
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101600052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 03 2022
10 03 2022
Historique:
received:
30
01
2022
revised:
28
02
2022
accepted:
04
03
2022
entrez:
25
3
2022
pubmed:
26
3
2022
medline:
14
4
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Calcium ions are the major signaling ions in the cells. They regulate muscle contraction, neurotransmitter secretion, cell growth and migration, and the activity of several proteins including enzymes and ion channels and transporters. They participate in various signal transduction pathways, thereby regulating major physiological functions. Calcium ion entry into the cells is regulated by specific calcium channels and transporters. There are mainly six types of calcium channels, of which only two are prominent in the heart. In cardiac tissues, the two types of calcium channels are the L type and the T type. L-type channels are found in all cardiac cells and T-type are expressed in Purkinje cells, pacemaker and atrial cells. Both these types of channels contribute to atrioventricular conduction as well as pacemaker activity. Given the crucial role of calcium channels in the cardiac conduction system, mutations and dysfunctions of these channels are known to cause several diseases and disorders. Drugs targeting calcium channels hence are used in a wide variety of cardiac disorders including but not limited to hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. This review summarizes the type of cardiac calcium channels, their function, and disorders caused by their mutations and dysfunctions. Finally, this review also focuses on the types of calcium channel blockers and their use in a variety of cardiac disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35326393
pii: cells11060943
doi: 10.3390/cells11060943
pmc: PMC8945986
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Calcium Channels
0
Ions
0
Calcium
SY7Q814VUP
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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