A case-control study on the relationship between urine trace element levels and autism spectrum disorder among Iranian children.
Autism spectrum disorder
Environmental monitoring
Lead
Logistic models
Nickel
Verbal behavior
Journal
Environmental science and pollution research international
ISSN: 1614-7499
Titre abrégé: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9441769
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Aug 2022
Aug 2022
Historique:
received:
30
12
2021
accepted:
23
03
2022
pubmed:
31
3
2022
medline:
26
8
2022
entrez:
30
3
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized mainly by qualitative deficiencies in social communication skills, accompanied by repetitive and restricted behavior patterns. This study was conducted to investigate the associations between the risk of ASD development in children and exposure to trace elements (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)). Two groups of children, including 44 ASD and 35 typically developing (TD) children, were selected, and their fasting urine samples were obtained. The concentration levels of trace elements were assayed using ICP-MS. The results showed that as compared to the TD group, the concentration levels of As (p = 0.002) and Pb (p < 0.001) and also Cr (p < 0.001), Cu (p = 0.001), and Ni (p < 0.001) were significantly higher among ASD children. In terms of gender, boys with ASD showed elevated levels of Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb, whereas the urine levels of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were markedly higher among girls when compared to the non-ASD children. Under the logistic regression model, the risk difference for As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn remained significant when adjustment was applied for age and gender confounders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35352223
doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19933-1
pii: 10.1007/s11356-022-19933-1
doi:
Substances chimiques
Trace Elements
0
Chromium
0R0008Q3JB
Lead
2P299V784P
Cobalt
3G0H8C9362
Nickel
7OV03QG267
Arsenic
N712M78A8G
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
57287-57295Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Références
Abd Wahil MS, Ja’afar MH, Isa ZM (2021): Assessment of urinary lead (Pb) and essential trace elements in autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study among preschool children in Malaysia. Biol Trace Element Res 200, 97-121
Adams JB, Audhya T, McDonough-Means S, Rubin RA, Quig D, Geis E, Gehn E, Loresto M, Mitchell J, Atwood S (2013) Toxicological status of children with autism vs. neurotypical children and the association with autism severity. Biol Trace Element Res 151:171–180
doi: 10.1007/s12011-012-9551-1
Adams J, Howsmon DP, Kruger U, Geis E, Gehn E, Fimbres V, Pollard E, Mitchell J, Ingram J, Hellmers R (2017) Significant association of urinary toxic metals and autism-related symptoms—a nonlinear statistical analysis with cross validation. PloS one 12:e0169526
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169526
Akyuzlu DK, Kayaalti Z, Soylemez E, Soylemezoglu T (2014) Association between autism and arsenic, lead, cadmium, manganese levels in hair and urine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2:140
Albizzati A, More L, Di Candia D, Saccani M, Lenti C (2012) Normal concentrations of heavy metals in autistic spectrum disorders. Minerva Pediatr 64:27–31
Al-Farsi YM, Waly MI, Al-Sharbati MM, Al-Shafaee MA, Al-Farsi OA, Al-Khaduri MM, Gupta I, Ouhtit A, Al-Adawi S, Al-Said MF (2013) Levels of heavy metals and essential minerals in hair samples of children with autism in Oman: a case–control study. Biol Trace Element Res 151:181–186
doi: 10.1007/s12011-012-9553-z
Baj J, Flieger W, Flieger M, Forma A, Sitarz E, Skórzyńska-Dziduszko K, Grochowski C, Maciejewski R, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H (2021) Autism spectrum disorder: trace elements imbalances and the pathogenesis and severity of autistic symptoms. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1:117–132
doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.029
Bhat S, Acharya UR, Adeli H, Bairy GM, Adeli A (2014) Autism: cause factors, early diagnosis and therapies. Rev Neurosci 25:841–850
Bjørklund G (2013) The role of zinc and copper in autism spectrum disorders. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 73:225–236
Bjørklund G, Skalny AV, Rahman MM, Dadar M, Yassa HA, Aaseth J, Chirumbolo S, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA (2018) Toxic metal (loid)-based pollutants and their possible role in autism spectrum disorder. Environ Res 166:234–250
doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.020
Blaurock-Busch E, Amin OR, Rabah T (2011) Heavy metals and trace elements in hair and urine of a sample of Arab children with autistic spectrum disorder. Maedica 6:247
Bölte S, Girdler S, Marschik PB (2019) The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder. Cell Mol Life Sci 76:1275–1297
doi: 10.1007/s00018-018-2988-4
Calabrese V, Giordano J, Ruggieri M, Berritta D, Trovato A, Ontario M, Bianchini R, Calabrese E (2016) Hormesis, cellular stress response, and redox homeostasis in autism spectrum disorders. J Neurosci Res 94:1488–1498
doi: 10.1002/jnr.23893
Crăciun EC, Bjørklund G, Tinkov AA, Urbina MA, Skalny AV, Rad F, Dronca E (2016) Evaluation of whole blood zinc and copper levels in children with autism spectrum disorder. Metab Brain Dis 31:887–890
doi: 10.1007/s11011-016-9823-0
Dickerson AS, Rahbar MH, Bakian AV, Bilder DA, Harrington RA, Pettygrove S, Kirby RS, Durkin MS, Han I, Moyé LA (2016) Autism spectrum disorder prevalence and associations with air concentrations of lead, mercury, and arsenic. Environ Monitoring assessment 188:1–15
doi: 10.1007/s10661-016-5405-1
El-Ansary A, Bjørklund G, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Al Dera H (2017) Relationship between selenium, lead, and mercury in red blood cells of Saudi autistic children. Metab Brain Dis 32:1073–1080
doi: 10.1007/s11011-017-9996-1
Eqani SAMAS, Khuram F, Alamdar A, Tahir A, Shah STA, Nasir A, Javed S, Bibi N, Hussain A, Rasheed H (2020) Environmental exposure pathway analysis of trace elements and autism risk in Pakistani children population. Sci Total Environ 712:136471
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136471
Fiłon J, Ustymowicz-Farbiszewska J, Krajewska-Kułak E (2020) Analysis of lead, arsenic and calcium content in the hair of children with autism spectrum disorder. BMC Public Health 20:1–8
doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08496-w
Fuentes-Albero M, Puig-Alcaraz C, Cauli O (2015) Lead excretion in Spanish children with autism spectrum disorder. Brain Sci 5:58–68
doi: 10.3390/brainsci5010058
Imbriani G, Panico A, Grassi T, Idolo A, Serio F, Bagordo F, De Filippis G, De Giorgi D, Antonucci G, Piscitelli P (2021) Early-life exposure to environmental air pollution and autism spectrum disorder: a review of available evidence. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18:1204
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031204
Jan AT, Azam M, Siddiqui K, Ali A, Choi I, Haq QM (2015) Heavy metals and human health: mechanistic insight into toxicity and counter defense system of antioxidants. Int J Mol Sci 16:29592–29630
doi: 10.3390/ijms161226183
Kloke JD, McKean JW (2012) Rfit: rank-based estimation for linear models. R J 4:57
doi: 10.32614/RJ-2012-014
Li S-o, Wang J-l, Bjørklund G, Zhao W-n, Yin C-h (2014) Serum copper and zinc levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Neuroreport 25:1216–1220
doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000251
Meguid NA, Anwar M, Bjørklund G, Hashish A, Chirumbolo S, Hemimi M, Sultan E (2017) Dietary adequacy of Egyptian children with autism spectrum disorder compared to healthy developing children. Metab Brain Disease 32:607–615
doi: 10.1007/s11011-016-9948-1
Mohammadi MR, Ahmadi N, Khaleghi A, Zarafshan H, Mostafavi S-A, Kamali K, Rahgozar M, Ahmadi A, Hooshyari Z, Alavi SS (2019) Prevalence of autism and its comorbidities and the relationship with maternal psychopathology: a national population-based study. Arch Iranian Med 22:546–553
Mostafa GA, Bjørklund G, Urbina MA, Al-Ayadhi LY (2016) The positive association between elevated blood lead levels and brain-specific autoantibodies in autistic children from low lead-polluted areas. Metab Brain Disease 31:1047–1054
doi: 10.1007/s11011-016-9836-8
Nevison CD (2014) A comparison of temporal trends in United States autism prevalence to trends in suspected environmental factors. Environ Health 13:1–16
doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-13-73
Obrenovich ME, Shamberger RJ, Lonsdale D (2011) Altered heavy metals and transketolase found in autistic spectrum disorder. Biol Trace Element Res 144:475–486
doi: 10.1007/s12011-011-9146-2
Ousley O, Cermak T (2014) Autism spectrum disorder: defining dimensions and subgroups. Current Dev Disorders Reports 1:20–28
doi: 10.1007/s40474-013-0003-1
Priya MDL, Geetha A (2011) Level of trace elements (copper, zinc, magnesium and selenium) and toxic elements (lead and mercury) in the hair and nail of children with autism. Biol Trace Element Res 142:148–158
doi: 10.1007/s12011-010-8766-2
Rahbar MH, Samms-Vaughan M, Lee M, Zhang J, Hessabi M, Bressler J, Bach MA, Grove ML, Shakespeare-Pellington S, Beecher C (2020) Interaction between a mixture of heavy metals (lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, manganese, aluminum) and GSTP1, GSTT1, and GSTM1 in relation to autism spectrum disorder. Res Autism Spectrum Disorders 79:101681
doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101681
Roberts AL, Lyall K, Hart JE, Laden F, Just AC, Bobb JF, Koenen KC, Ascherio A, Weisskopf MG (2013) Perinatal air pollutant exposures and autism spectrum disorder in the children of Nurses’ Health Study II participants. Environ Health Perspect 121:978–984
doi: 10.1289/ehp.1206187
Saghazadeh A, Rezaei N (2017) Systematic review and meta-analysis links autism and toxic metals and highlights the impact of country development status: higher blood and erythrocyte levels for mercury and lead, and higher hair antimony, cadmium, lead, and mercury. Prog Neuro-Psychopharmacol Biol Psychiat 79:340–368
doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.07.011
Santos JX, Rasga C, Vicente AM (2021) Exposure to xenobiotics and gene-environment interactions in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review. . In: Michael F (Editor), Autism spectrum disorder: profile, heterogeneity, neurobiology and intervention. doi: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95758 . BoD – Books on Demand, pp. 133
Skalny AV, Simashkova NV, Klyushnik TP, Grabeklis AR, Radysh IV, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA (2017) Analysis of hair trace elements in children with autism spectrum disorders and communication disorders. Biol Trace Element Res 177:215–223
doi: 10.1007/s12011-016-0878-x
Sulaiman R, Wang M, Ren X (2020) Exposure to aluminum, cadmium, and mercury and autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chem Res Toxicol 33:2699–2718
doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00167
Vakilizadeh N, Abedi A, Mohseni Ezhiyeh A (2017) Investigating validity and reliability of early screening for autistic traits-Persian version (ESAT-PV) in toddlers. Arch Rehabilit 18:182–193
doi: 10.21859/jrehab-1803182
Weitlauf AS, McPheeters ML, Peters B, Sathe N, Travis R, Aiello R, Williamson E, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Krishnaswami S, Jerome R (2014) Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder: behavioral interventions update. AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. No. 137. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2014 Aug. Report No: 14-EHC036-EF
Yao Y, Walsh WJ, McGinnis WR, Praticò D (2006) Altered vascular phenotype in autism: correlation with oxidative stress. Arch Neurol 63:1161–1164
Yasuda H, Yasuda Y, Tsutsui T (2013) Estimation of autistic children by metallomics analysis. Scientific Reports 3:1–8
Yorbik Ö, Kurt İ, Haşimi A, Öztürk Ö (2010) Chromium, cadmium, and lead levels in urine of children with autism and typically developing controls. Biol Trace Element Res 135:10–15
doi: 10.1007/s12011-009-8494-7
Yorbik O, Sayal A, Akay C et al (2002) Investigation of antioxidant enzymes in children with autistic disorder. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 67(5):341–343