Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Schizophrenia, Part II: Phenomenological Qualities and Evolution.
Journal
The Journal of nervous and mental disease
ISSN: 1539-736X
Titre abrégé: J Nerv Ment Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0375402
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2022
01 09 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
7
4
2022
medline:
1
9
2022
entrez:
6
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Hallucination is defined in the diagnostic systems as an experience resembling true perception without causal stimulus. In this second report from an in-depth phenomenological study of schizophrenia patients experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), we focused on the phenomenological qualities of AVHs. We found that a substantial proportion of patients could not clearly distinguish between thinking and hallucinating. The emotional tone of the voices increased in negativity. AVHs became more complex. Spatial localization was ambiguous and only 10% experienced only external hallucinations. There was an overlap with passivity phenomena in one third of the cases. The patients occasionally acted upon the content of AVHs. In the discussion section, we criticize the perceptual model of AVHs. We conclude that the definition of AVH in schizophrenia is misleading and exerts negative consequences on the clinical work and empirical research.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35383683
doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001514
pii: 00005053-202209000-00004
pmc: PMC9426732
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
659-664Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Références
Bennett MR, Hacker PMS (2003) Philosophical foundations of neuroscience . Oxford: Wiley.
Bleuler E (1950) Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias . New York: International Universities Press. Originally published in German in 1911.
Bleuler M, Huber G, Gross G, Schuttler R (1976) Long-term course of schizophrenic psychoses. Joint results of two studies. Nervenarzt . 47:477–481.
Cannon M, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Harrington H, Taylor A, Murray RM, Poulton R (2002) Evidence for early-childhood, pan-developmental impairment specific to schizophreniform disorder: Results from a longitudinal birth cohort. Arch Gen Psychiatry . 59:449–456.
Charbonneau G (2001) Introduction à la phénoménologie des hallucinations . Paris, France: Le Cercle Hermeneutique.
Ciompi L (1980) The natural history of schizophrenia in the long term. Br J Psychiatry . 136:413–420.
Ey (1973) Traité des hallucinations . Paris, France: Masson.
Ford JM, Morris SE, Hoffman RE, Sommer I, Waters F, McCarthy-Jones S, Thoma RJ, Turner JA, Keedy SK, Badcock JC, Cuthbert BN (2014) Studying hallucinations within the NIMH RDoC framework. Schizophr Bull . 40(suppl 4):S295–S304.
Gennart M (2011) Corporéité et présence. Jalons pour une approche du corps dans la psychose . Argenteuil, Paris: Le Cercle Hermeneutique.
Gruhle H (1929) In Berze J, Gruhle H (Eds), Psychologie der Schizophrenie . Berlin, Germany: Verlag von julius Springer.
Henriksen MG, Parnas J (2014) Self-disorders and schizophrenia: A phenomenological reappraisal of poor insight and noncompliance. Schizophr Bull . 40:542–547.
Henriksen MG, Raballo A, Nordgaard J (2021) Self-disorders and psychopathology: A systematic review. Lancet Psychiatry . 8:1001–1012.
Henriksen MG, Raballo A, Parnas J (2015) The pathogenesis of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: A clinical-phenomenological account. Philos Psychiatry Psychol . 22:165–181.
Huber G (1997) The heterogeneous course of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res . 28:177–185.
Jansson L, Parnas J (2020) ‘The schizophrenic basic mood (self-disorder)’, by Hans W Gruhle (1929). Hist Psychiatry . 31:364–375.
Jaspers K (1997) General psychopathology (trans. Hoenig J, Hamilton MW). London: Johns Hopkins University Press (Original work published 1913).
Jones N, Luhrmann TM (2016) Beyond the sensory: Findings from an in-depth analysis of the phenomenology of “auditory hallucinations” in schizophrenia. Psychosis . 8:191–202.
Klosterkotter J (1988) Basic symptoms and end phenomena of schizophrenia. An empirical study of psychopathologic transitional signs between deficit and productive symptoms of schizophrenia. Monogr Gesamtgeb Psychiatr Psychiatry Ser . 52:1–267.
Lagache D (1934) Les hallucinations verbales et la parole . Paris, France: Libraire Felix Alcan.
Larøi F, Sommer IE, Blom JD, Fernyhough C, Ffytche DH, Hugdahl K, Johns LC, McCarthy-Jones S, Preti A, Raballo A, Slotema CW, Stephane M, Waters F (2012) The characteristic features of auditory verbal hallucinations in clinical and nonclinical groups: State-of-the-art overview and future directions. Schizophr Bull . 38:724–733.
McCarthy-Jones S, Krueger J, Laroi F, Broome M, Fernyhough C (2013) Stop, look, listen: The need for philosophical phenomenological perspectives on auditory verbal hallucinations. Front Hum Neurosci . 7:127.
Merleau-Ponty M (2012) Phenomenology of perception (trans. Landes DA). London & New York: Routledge (Original work published 1945).
Møller P, Husby R (2000) The initial prodrome in schizophrenia: Searching for naturalistic core dimensions of experience and behavior. Schizophr Bull . 26:217–232.
Murata J (2015) Colours and sounds: The field of visual and auditory consciousness. In Zahavi D (Ed), The Oxford encyclopedia of contemporary phenomenology (pp 158–176). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Nordgaard J, Sass LA, Parnas J (2013) The psychiatric interview: Validity, structure, and subjectivity. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci . 263:353–364.
Parnas J, Henriksen MG (2016) Mysticism and schizophrenia: A phenomenological exploration of the structure of consciousness in the schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Conscious Cogn . 43:75–88.
Parnas J, Sass LA (2008) Varieties of “phenomenology”: On description, understanding, and explanation in psychiatry. In Kendler KS, Parnas J (Eds), Philosophical issues in psychiatry: Explanation, phenomenology, and nosology (pp 239–285). Johns Hopkins University Press.
Parnas J, Sass LA, Zahavi D (2013) Rediscovering psychopathology: The epistemology and phenomenology of the psychiatric object. Schizophr Bull . 39:270–277.
Parnas J, Urfer-Parnas A (2017) The ontology and epistemology of symptoms: The case of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. In Kendler KS, Parnas J (Eds), Philosophical issues in psychiatry IV: Psychiatric nosology (pp 201–216). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Parnas J, Urfer-Parnas A, Stephensen H (2020) Double bookkeeping and schizophrenia spectrum: Divided unified phenomenal consciousness. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci . 271:1513–1523.
Parnas J, Zahavi D (2002) The role of phenomenology in psychiatric diagnosis and classification. In Maj M, Gaebel W, López-Ibor JJ, Sartorius N (Eds), Psychiatric diagnosis and classification (pp 137–162). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Raballo A, Poletti M, Preti A, Parnas J (2021) The self in the Spectrum: A meta-analysis of the evidence linking basic self-disorders and schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull . 47:1007–1017.
Rasmussen AR, Stephensen H, Parnas J (2018) EAFI: Examination of anomalous fantasy and imagination. Psychopathology . 51:216–226.
Upthegrove R, Broome MR, Caldwell K, Ives J, Oyebode F, Wood SJ (2016) Understanding auditory verbal hallucinations: A systematic review of current evidence. Acta Psychiatr Scand . 133:352–367.
Waters F, Fernyhough C (2017) Hallucinations: A systematic review of points of similarity and difference across diagnostic classes. Schizophr Bull . 43:32–43.
Welham J, Scott J, Williams G, Najman J, Bor W, O'Callaghan M, McGrath J (2009) Emotional and behavioural antecedents of young adults who screen positive for non-affective psychosis: A 21-year birth cohort study. Psychol Med . 39:625–634.
Woods A, Jones N, Bernini M, Callard F, Alderson-Day B, Badcock JC, Bell V, Cook CC, Csordas T, Humpston C, Krueger J, Laroi F, McCarthy-Jones S, Moseley P, Powell H, Raballo A, Smailes D, Fernyhough C (2014) Interdisciplinary approaches to the phenomenology of auditory verbal hallucinations. Schizophr Bull . 40(suppl 4):246–254.
Yttri JE, Urfer-Parnas A, Parnas J (2020) Auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia: Mode of onset and disclosure. J Nerv Ment Dis . 208:689–693.
Zahavi D (2005) Subjectivity and selfhood: Investigating the first-person perspective . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.