Review: The Nose as a Route for Therapy. Part 2 Immunotherapy.
ICAM-1
allergen immunotherapy
allergen-specific antibody
epithelial barrier
interferon
microbiome
rhinovirus
vaccination
Journal
Frontiers in allergy
ISSN: 2673-6101
Titre abrégé: Front Allergy
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 9918227355906676
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
17
02
2021
accepted:
28
05
2021
entrez:
7
4
2022
pubmed:
8
4
2022
medline:
8
4
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The nose provides a route of access to the body for inhalants and fluids. Unsurprisingly it has a strong immune defense system, with involvement of innate (e.g., epithelial barrier, muco- ciliary clearance, nasal secretions with interferons, lysozyme, nitric oxide) and acquired (e.g., secreted immunoglobulins, lymphocytes) arms. The lattice network of dendritic cells surrounding the nostrils allows rapid uptake and sampling of molecules able to negotiate the epithelial barrier. Despite this many respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV2, are initiated through nasal mucosal contact, and the nasal mucosa is a significant "reservoir" for microbes including
Identifiants
pubmed: 35387044
doi: 10.3389/falgy.2021.668781
pmc: PMC8974912
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
668781Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Padayachee, Flicker, Linton, Cafferkey, Kon, Johnston, Ellis, Desrosiers, Turner, Valenta and Scadding.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
AE has participated in advisory boards for ALK Abello, AstraZeneca, Aralez, Bausch Health, Circassia Ltd, GlaxoSmithKline, Johnson & Johnson, Merck, Mylan, Novartis, Pediapharm and Pfizer, has been a speaker for ALK, Aralez, AstraZeneca, Boerhinger-Ingelheim, CACME, Meda, Mylan, Merck, Novartis, Pediapharm, Pfizer, The ACADEMY, and Takeda. Her institution has received research grants from Bayer LLC, Circassia Ltd, Green Cross Pharmaceuticals, GlaxoSmithKline, Sun Pharma, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron and Sanofi. She has also served as an independent consultant to Allergy Therapeutics, Bayer LLC, Ora Inc. and Regeneron in the past. GS reports fees and consultancies from ALK, Mylan, Bayer, GSK outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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