The impact of levamisole and alcohol on white matter microstructure in adult chronic cocaine users.
cocaine
diffusion-weighted imaging
levamisole
Journal
Addiction biology
ISSN: 1369-1600
Titre abrégé: Addict Biol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9604935
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2022
05 2022
Historique:
revised:
16
11
2021
received:
25
03
2021
accepted:
11
01
2022
entrez:
8
4
2022
pubmed:
9
4
2022
medline:
13
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Previous brain imaging studies with chronic cocaine users (CU) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) mostly focused on fractional anisotropy to investigate white matter (WM) integrity. However, a quantitative interpretation of fractional anisotropy (FA) alterations is often impeded by the inherent limitations of the underlying tensor model. A more fine-grained measure of WM alterations could be achieved by measuring fibre density (FD). This study investigates this novel DTI metric comparing 23 chronic CU and 32 healthy subjects. Quantitative hair analysis was used to determine intensity of cocaine and levamisole exposure-a cocaine adulterant with putative WM neurotoxicity. We first assessed the impact of cocaine use, levamisole exposure and alcohol use on group differences in WM integrity. Compared with healthy controls, all models revealed cortical reductions of FA and FD in CU. At the within-patient group level, we found that alcohol use and levamisole exposure exhibited regionally different FA and FD alterations than cocaine use. We found mostly negative correlations of tract-based WM associated with levamisole and weekly alcohol use. Specifically, levamisole exposure was linked with stronger WM reductions in the corpus callosum than alcohol use. Cocaine use duration correlated negatively with FA and FD in some regions. Yet, most of these correlations did not survive a correction for multiple testing. Our results suggest that chronic cocaine use, levamisole exposure and alcohol use were all linked to significant WM impairments in CU. We conclude that FD could be a sensitive marker to detect the impact of the use of multiple substances on WM integrity in cocaine but also other substance use disorders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35394690
doi: 10.1111/adb.13149
pmc: PMC9287079
doi:
Substances chimiques
Levamisole
2880D3468G
Ethanol
3K9958V90M
Cocaine
I5Y540LHVR
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13149Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Addiction Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.
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