Volatile Organic Compounds in the Early Diagnosis of Non-healing Surgical Wounds: A Systematic Review.
Journal
World journal of surgery
ISSN: 1432-2323
Titre abrégé: World J Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7704052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
accepted:
13
03
2022
pubmed:
11
4
2022
medline:
10
6
2022
entrez:
10
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The normal healing of surgical wounds can be disrupted by infection and/or dehiscence, leading to development of chronic, non-healing wounds (NHW). Diagnosis of NHWs is via clinical acumen and analysis of microbiology wound swabs. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted generally by human subjects and specifically as products of bacterial metabolism and are detected in the wound area. This systematic review will assess the potential use of VOCs released by surgical wounds as a non-invasive method for identifying bacterial species and the progression to NHW. A systematic search of studies, via PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. Of 220 papers screened, seven studies were included. Outcome data were extracted on methods for VOC analysis and wound/bacterial VOC profiles. The studies have shown that VOC profiles are identified by two methods: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic nose. There are VOC profiles associated with causative bacterial species, with early indications that they could be anatomically specific or could monitor treatment effects. VOC profiling of bacterial species within wounds is possible and could become a point of care test. More research is needed on specific VOC profiles to wound location and whether these profiles may predict progression to NHW.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The normal healing of surgical wounds can be disrupted by infection and/or dehiscence, leading to development of chronic, non-healing wounds (NHW). Diagnosis of NHWs is via clinical acumen and analysis of microbiology wound swabs. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted generally by human subjects and specifically as products of bacterial metabolism and are detected in the wound area. This systematic review will assess the potential use of VOCs released by surgical wounds as a non-invasive method for identifying bacterial species and the progression to NHW.
METHOD
A systematic search of studies, via PRISMA guidelines, was conducted. Of 220 papers screened, seven studies were included. Outcome data were extracted on methods for VOC analysis and wound/bacterial VOC profiles.
RESULTS
The studies have shown that VOC profiles are identified by two methods: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic nose. There are VOC profiles associated with causative bacterial species, with early indications that they could be anatomically specific or could monitor treatment effects.
CONCLUSION
VOC profiling of bacterial species within wounds is possible and could become a point of care test. More research is needed on specific VOC profiles to wound location and whether these profiles may predict progression to NHW.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35397678
doi: 10.1007/s00268-022-06548-3
pii: 10.1007/s00268-022-06548-3
doi:
Substances chimiques
Volatile Organic Compounds
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1669-1677Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Société Internationale de Chirurgie.
Références
Collaborative G (2018) Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 18(5):516–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30101-4
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30101-4
Reeves N, Cuff S, Boyce K, Harries R, Roberts C, Harrison H, Torkington J (2021) Diagnosis of colorectal and emergency surgical site infections in the era of enhanced recovery–an all wales prospective study. Colorectal Dis. https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.15569
doi: 10.1111/codi.15569
pubmed: 34747558
pmcid: 8250723
Sandy-Hodgetts K, Carville K, Leslie GD (2015) Determining risk factors for surgical wound dehiscence: a literature review. Int Wound J 12(3):265–275. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12088
doi: 10.1111/iwj.12088
pubmed: 23692188
Zhao R, Liang H, Clarke E, Jackson C, Xue M (2016) Inflammation in chronic wounds. Int J Mol Sci 17(12):2025–2039. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17122085
doi: 10.3390/ijms17122085
Lazarus GS, Cooper DM, Knighton DR, Percoraro RE, Rodeheaver G, Robson MC (1994) Definitions and guidelines for assessment of wounds and evaluation of healing. Wound Repair Regen 2(3):165–170. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20305.x
doi: 10.1046/j.1524-475X.1994.20305.x
pubmed: 17156107
Atkin L, Bućko Z, Conde Montero E, Cutting K, Moffatt C, Probst A, Romanelli M, Schultz GS, Tettelbach W (2019) Implementing TIMERS: the race against hard-to-heal wounds. J Wound Care 23(Sup3a):S1–S50. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2019.28.Sup3a.S1
doi: 10.12968/jowc.2019.28.Sup3a.S1
pubmed: 30835604
Han G, Ceilley R (2017) Chronic wound healing: a review of current management and treatments. Adv Ther 34(3):599–610. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-017-0478-y
doi: 10.1007/s12325-017-0478-y
pubmed: 28108895
pmcid: 5350204
Gardner SE, Frantz RA, Doebbeling BN (2001) The validity of the clinical signs and symptoms used to identify localized chronic wound infection. Wound Repair Regen 9(3):178–186. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00178.x
doi: 10.1046/j.1524-475x.2001.00178.x
pubmed: 11472613
Phillips CJ, Humphreys I, Fletcher J, Harding K, Chamberlain G, Macey S (2016) Estimating the costs associated with the management of patients with chronic wounds using linked routine data. Int Wound J 13(6):1193–1197. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12443
doi: 10.1111/iwj.12443
pubmed: 25818405
Kyaw B, Jarbrink K, Martinengo L, Car J, Harding K, Schmidtchen A (2017) Need for improved definition of “chronic wounds” in clinical Studies. Acta Derm Venereol. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2786
doi: 10.2340/00015555-2786
Serena TE, Hanft JR, Snyder R (2008) The lack of reliability of clinical examination in the diagnosis of wound infection: preliminary communication. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 7(1):32–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734607313984
doi: 10.1177/1534734607313984
pubmed: 18372267
Bowler PG, Duerden BI, Armstrong DG (2001) Wound microbiology and associated approaches to wound management. Clin Microbiol Rev 14(2):244–269. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.14.2.244-269.2001
doi: 10.1128/CMR.14.2.244-269.2001
pubmed: 11292638
pmcid: 88973
Thomas AN, Riazanskaia S, Cheung W, Xu Y, Goodacre R, Thomas CL, Baguneid MS, Bayat A (2010) Novel noninvasive identification of biomarkers by analytical profiling of chronic wounds using volatile organic compounds. Wound Repair Regen 18(4):391–400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-475X.2010.00592.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1524-475X.2010.00592.x
pubmed: 20492633
Ashrafi M, Novak-Frazer L, Bates M, Baguneid M, Alonso-Rasgado T, Xia G, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Bayat A (2018) Validation of biofilm formation on human skin wound models and demonstration of clinically translatable bacteria-specific volatile signatures. Sci Rep 8(1):9431. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27504-z
doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-27504-z
pubmed: 29930327
pmcid: 6013498
Ashrafi M, Novak-Frazer L, Morris J, Baguneid M, Rautemaa-Richardson R, Bayat A (2019) Electrical stimulation disrupts biofilms in a human wound model and reveals the potential for monitoring treatment response with volatile biomarkers. Wound Repair Regen 27(1):5–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.12679
doi: 10.1111/wrr.12679
pubmed: 30320423
Probert CS, Ahmed I, Khalid T, Johnson E, Smith S, Ratcliffe N (2009) Volatile organic compounds as diagnostic biomarkers in gastrointestinal and liver diseases. J Gastrointest Liver Dis 18(3):337–343
Graham JE (2013) Bacterial volatiles and diagnosis of respiratory infections. Adv Appl Microbiol 82:29–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-407679-2.00002-8
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407679-2.00002-8
pubmed: 23415152
pmcid: 6167928
Wilson AD (2018) Application of electronic-nose technologies and VOC-biomarkers for the noninvasive early diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases. Sensors (Basel) 18(8):32–40. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082613
doi: 10.3390/s18082613
Hashoul D, Haick H (2019) Sensors for detecting pulmonary diseases from exhaled breath. Eur Respir Rev. https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0011-2019
doi: 10.1183/16000617.0011-2019
pubmed: 31243097
Gao Q, Lee WY (2019) Urinary metabolites for urological cancer detection: a review on the application of volatile organic compounds for cancers. Am J Clin Exp Urol 7(4):232–248
pubmed: 31511830
pmcid: 6734043
Dharmawardana N, Woods C, Watson DI, Yazbeck R, Ooi EH (2020) A review of breath analysis techniques in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 104:104654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104654
doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104654
pubmed: 32200303
Dragonieri S, Pennazza G, Carratu P, Resta O (2017) Electronic nose technology in respiratory diseases. Lung 195(2):157–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-017-9987-3
doi: 10.1007/s00408-017-9987-3
pubmed: 28238110
Rondanelli M, Perdoni F, Infantino V, Faliva MA, Peroni G, Iannello G, Nichetti M, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Cocuzza C (2019) Volatile organic compounds as biomarkers of gastrointestinal diseases and nutritional status. J Anal Methods Chem 2019:7247802. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7247802
doi: 10.1155/2019/7247802
pubmed: 31583160
pmcid: 6754926
Liu RS, Zhou H, Li HM, Yuan ZP, Chen T, Tang YJ (2013) Metabolism of L-methionine linked to the biosynthesis of volatile organic sulfur-containing compounds during the submerged fermentation of tuber melanosporum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97(23):9981–9992. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5224-z
doi: 10.1007/s00253-013-5224-z
pubmed: 24092005
Labows JN, McGinley KJ, Webster GF, Leyden JJ (1980) Headspace analysis of volatile metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and related species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Clin Microbiol 12(4):521–526
doi: 10.1128/jcm.12.4.521-526.1980
pubmed: 6775012
pmcid: 273628
Elmassry MM, Piechulla B (2020) Volatilomes of bacterial infections in humans. Front Neurosci 14:257. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00257
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00257
pubmed: 32269511
pmcid: 7111428
Van Malderen K, De Winter BY, De Man JG, De Schepper HU, Lamote K (2020) Volatomics in inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. EBioMedicine 54:102725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102725
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102725
pubmed: 32330874
pmcid: 7177032
Kapp S, Miller C, Santamaria N (2018) The quality of life of people who have chronic wounds and who self-treat. J Clin Nurs 27(1–2):182–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13870
doi: 10.1111/jocn.13870
pubmed: 28493644
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ 339:b2535. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2535
doi: 10.1136/bmj.b2535
pubmed: 19622551
pmcid: 2714657
Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME, Mallett S, Deeks JJ, Reitsma JB, Leeflang MM, Sterne JA, Bossuyt PM, Group Q- (2011) QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med 155(8):529–536. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009
doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009
pubmed: 22007046
Byun H-G, Persaud K, Pisanelli AM (2010) Wound-state monitoring for burn patients using E-Nose/SPME system. Etri J ETRI J 32:440–446. https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.10.0109.0300
doi: 10.4218/etrij.10.0109.0300
Salinas Alvarez C, Sierra-Sosa D, Garcia-Zapirain B, Yoder-Himes D, Elmaghraby A (2019) Detection of volatile compounds emitted by bacteria in wounds using gas sensors. Sensors (Basel) 19(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/s19071523
Tian F, Xu X, Shen Y, Yan J, He Q, Ma J, Liu T (2009) Detection of wound pathogen by an intelligent electronic nose. Sens Mater 21:155–166
Thuleau A, Dugay J, Dacremont C, Jemmali Z, Elard J, De Ricke Y, Cassoux N, Watson S, Escande MC, Fromantin I (2018) Volatile organic compounds of malignant breast cancer wounds: identification and odors. Wounds 30(11):337–344
pubmed: 30380523
Smith ME, Robinowitz N, Chaulk P, Johnson K (2014) Comparison of chronic wound culture techniques: swab versus curetted tissue for microbial recovery. Br J Community Nurs. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2014.19.Sup9.S22
doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2014.19.Sup9.S22
pubmed: 25381924
pmcid: 4267254
Angel DE, Lloyd P, Carville K, Santamaria N (2011) The clinical efficacy of two semi-quantitative wound-swabbing techniques in identifying the causative organism(s) in infected cutaneous wounds. Int Wound J 8(2):176–185. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2010.00765.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1742-481X.2010.00765.x
pubmed: 21303456
pmcid: 7950681
Maxson T, Mitchell DA (2016) Targeted treatment for bacterial infections: prospects for pathogen-specific antibiotics coupled with rapid diagnostics. Tetrahedron 72(25):3609–3624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.069
doi: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.069
pubmed: 27429480
Bowler PG (2018) Antibiotic resistance and biofilm tolerance: a combined threat in the treatment of chronic infections. J Wound Care 27(5):273–277. https://doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2018.27.5.273
doi: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.5.273
pubmed: 29738295
Hong-Geller E, Adikari S (2018) Volatile organic compound and metabolite signatures as pathogen identifiers and biomarkers of infectious disease. Biosens Technol Detect Pathog Prospect Way Rapid Anal 25:236. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72398
doi: 10.5772/intechopen.72398
Sethi S, Nanda R, Chakraborty T (2013) Clinical application of volatile organic compound analysis for detecting infectious diseases. Clin Microbiol Rev 26(3):462–475. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00020-13
doi: 10.1128/CMR.00020-13
pubmed: 23824368
pmcid: 3719490
Greenman J, Hewett K, Saad S (2020) Discovery, development and exploitation of steady-state biofilms. J Breath Res. 14(4):044001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/abb765
doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/abb765
pubmed: 33021218
Hammond C (2013) Chemical composition of household malodours–an overview-Hammond-2013-flavour and fragrance journal-Wiley online library. Flavour Fragr J 28(4):251–261. https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.3163
doi: 10.1002/ffj.3163
Gallagher M, Wysocki CJ, Leyden JJ, Spielman AI, Sun X, Preti G (2008) Analyses of volatile organic compounds from human skin. Br J Dermatol 159(4):780–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08748.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08748.x
pubmed: 18637798
pmcid: 2574753
Amann A, BeL C, Miekisch W, Schubert J, Buszewski B, Pleil J, Ratcliffe N, Risby T (2014) The human volatilome: volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath, skin emanations, urine, feces and saliva. J Breath Res 8(3):034001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1752-7155/8/3/034001
doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/8/3/034001
pubmed: 24946087
Llor C, Bjerrum L (2014) Antimicrobial resistance: risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Ther Adv Drug Saf 5(6):229–241. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042098614554919
doi: 10.1177/2042098614554919
pubmed: 25436105
pmcid: 4232501