Enterovirus meningitis in Mayotte French Comoros Island, March-June 2019.
Echovirus
Enterovirus
Mayotte
Meningitis
Molecular epidemiology
Parechovirus
Journal
Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
ISSN: 1873-5967
Titre abrégé: J Clin Virol
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 9815671
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2022
06 2022
Historique:
received:
27
12
2021
revised:
11
03
2022
accepted:
02
04
2022
pubmed:
11
4
2022
medline:
20
5
2022
entrez:
10
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Enteroviruses (EV) are the most frequent cause of acute meningitis worldwide, and regularly responsible for outbreaks. Human parechoviruses (PeV) are associated with sepsis and meningitis in young infants. In Mayotte, a French department located in the Comoros archipelago, EVs and PeVs are not part of the routine screening of cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) of patients with meningitis. Consequently, no data is available on EV or PeV epidemiology. Assess the need for EV and PeV diagnosis in Mayotte. CSFs collected between March and June 2019 from patients addressed to Mayotte Hospital were retrospectively screened for EV and PeV by PCR. If positive for EV, genotyping was attempted. EV and PeV RT-PCR were performed on 122/263 (46%) CSFs (45 adults, 77 children). EV meningitis was diagnosed in 16/77 children (21%) with a median age of 32 days (8-62). One 30-days-aged infant presented with a PeV infection. Fever was reported in 94% cases (16/17), followed by gastrointestinal disorders in 29% cases (5/17). EV genotyping achieved identification for 10/16 (63%) EV-positive samples. Four different EV types were identified: Echovirus 16 (E-16, n = 6), EV-B100 (n = 2), and E-14 and E-18 (n = 1, each). EV/PeV prevalence of 14% highlights the importance of implementing this diagnosis which can impact duration of hospitalization and administration of antibiotics thus reducing risk of antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance of circulating EV types is needed to understand the range of enteroviruses detected in meningitis cases in places that have been underrepresented in enterovirus surveillance studies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Enteroviruses (EV) are the most frequent cause of acute meningitis worldwide, and regularly responsible for outbreaks. Human parechoviruses (PeV) are associated with sepsis and meningitis in young infants. In Mayotte, a French department located in the Comoros archipelago, EVs and PeVs are not part of the routine screening of cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) of patients with meningitis. Consequently, no data is available on EV or PeV epidemiology.
AIM
Assess the need for EV and PeV diagnosis in Mayotte.
METHODS
CSFs collected between March and June 2019 from patients addressed to Mayotte Hospital were retrospectively screened for EV and PeV by PCR. If positive for EV, genotyping was attempted.
RESULTS
EV and PeV RT-PCR were performed on 122/263 (46%) CSFs (45 adults, 77 children). EV meningitis was diagnosed in 16/77 children (21%) with a median age of 32 days (8-62). One 30-days-aged infant presented with a PeV infection. Fever was reported in 94% cases (16/17), followed by gastrointestinal disorders in 29% cases (5/17). EV genotyping achieved identification for 10/16 (63%) EV-positive samples. Four different EV types were identified: Echovirus 16 (E-16, n = 6), EV-B100 (n = 2), and E-14 and E-18 (n = 1, each).
CONCLUSION
EV/PeV prevalence of 14% highlights the importance of implementing this diagnosis which can impact duration of hospitalization and administration of antibiotics thus reducing risk of antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance of circulating EV types is needed to understand the range of enteroviruses detected in meningitis cases in places that have been underrepresented in enterovirus surveillance studies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35398601
pii: S1386-6532(22)00088-9
doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105154
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
105154Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V.