Dissociative identity state-dependent working memory in dissociative identity disorder: a controlled functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
cognitive neuroscience
dissociative disorders
post-traumatic stress disorder
simulation
trauma
Journal
BJPsych open
ISSN: 2056-4724
Titre abrégé: BJPsych Open
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101667931
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 Apr 2022
11 Apr 2022
Historique:
entrez:
11
4
2022
pubmed:
12
4
2022
medline:
12
4
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Memory function is at the core of the psychopathology of dissociative identity disorder (DID), but little is known about its psychobiological correlates. This study aims to investigate whether memory function in DID differs between dissociative identity states. Behavioural data and neural activation patterns were assessed in 92 sessions during an n-back working memory task. Participants were people with genuine diagnosed DID (n = 14), DID-simulating controls (n = 16) and a paired control group (post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 16), healthy controls (n = 16)). Both DID groups participated as authentic or simulated neutral and trauma-related identity states. Reaction times and errors of omission were analysed with repeated measures ANOVA. Working memory neural activation (main working memory and linear load) was investigated for effects of identity state, participant group and their interaction. Identity state-dependent behavioural performance and neural activation was found. DID simulators made fewer errors of omission than those with genuine DID. Regarding the prefrontal parietal network, main working memory in the left frontal pole and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 44) was activated in all three simulated neutral states, and in trauma-related identity states of DID simulators, but not those with genuine DID or post-traumatic stress disorder; for linear load, trauma-related identity states of those with genuine DID did not engage the parietal regions. Behavioural performance and neural activation patterns related to working memory in DID are dependent on the dissociative identities involved. The narrowed consciousness of trauma-related identity states, with a proneness to re-experiencing traumatising events, may relate to poorer working memory functioning.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Memory function is at the core of the psychopathology of dissociative identity disorder (DID), but little is known about its psychobiological correlates.
AIMS
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate whether memory function in DID differs between dissociative identity states.
METHOD
METHODS
Behavioural data and neural activation patterns were assessed in 92 sessions during an n-back working memory task. Participants were people with genuine diagnosed DID (n = 14), DID-simulating controls (n = 16) and a paired control group (post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 16), healthy controls (n = 16)). Both DID groups participated as authentic or simulated neutral and trauma-related identity states. Reaction times and errors of omission were analysed with repeated measures ANOVA. Working memory neural activation (main working memory and linear load) was investigated for effects of identity state, participant group and their interaction.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Identity state-dependent behavioural performance and neural activation was found. DID simulators made fewer errors of omission than those with genuine DID. Regarding the prefrontal parietal network, main working memory in the left frontal pole and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 44) was activated in all three simulated neutral states, and in trauma-related identity states of DID simulators, but not those with genuine DID or post-traumatic stress disorder; for linear load, trauma-related identity states of those with genuine DID did not engage the parietal regions.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
Behavioural performance and neural activation patterns related to working memory in DID are dependent on the dissociative identities involved. The narrowed consciousness of trauma-related identity states, with a proneness to re-experiencing traumatising events, may relate to poorer working memory functioning.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35403592
doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.22
pii: S2056472422000229
pmc: PMC9059616
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
e82Subventions
Organisme : International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation (www.isst-d.org) National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (www.nwo.nl)
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