ACO/ARO/AIO-21 - Capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in combination with the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra for rectal cancer Patients: A phase I trial of the German rectal cancer study group.

(i)CAFs, (inflammatory) cancer-associated fibroblasts APR, abdominoperineal resection Anakinra CAPS, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen CMS, consensus classification of molecular subtypes CRT, chemoradiotherapy CT, computed tomography Chemoradiotherapy DFS, disease-free survival DLT, dose-limiting toxicity DRE, digital rectal examination ECM, extracellular matrix EMVI, extramural vascular invasion Fibroblast GTV, gross tumor volume Gy, Gray ICH, International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use IL-1, interleukin-1 IMRT, intensity modulated radiotherapy Interleukin-1 LARC, locally advanced rectal cancer MRI, magnetic resonance imaging MTD, maximum tolerated dose NOM, non-operative management PDO, patient-derived organoids RA, receptor antagonist Rectal cancer TME, total mesorectal excision TNT, total-neoadjuvant therapy TRG, tumor regression grading VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy W&W, watch & wait bid, bis in die (twice a day) c/pCR, clinical/pathological complete response mrCRM, MRI-assessed circumferential resection margin phase I

Journal

Clinical and translational radiation oncology
ISSN: 2405-6308
Titre abrégé: Clin Transl Radiat Oncol
Pays: Ireland
ID NLM: 101713416

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
May 2022
Historique:
received: 21 03 2022
accepted: 04 04 2022
entrez: 22 4 2022
pubmed: 23 4 2022
medline: 23 4 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Recent advances in the treatment algorithm of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) have significantly improved complete response (CR) rates and disease-free survival (DFS), but therapy resistance, with its substantial impact on outcomes and survival, remains a major challenge. Our group has recently unraveled a critical role of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) signaling in activating inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) and mediating radiation-induced senescence, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and ultimately therapy resistance. We here summarize the recently initiated ACO/ARO/AIO-21 phase I trial, testing the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RA) anakinra in combination with fluoropyrimidine-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for advanced rectal cancer. The ACO/ARO/AIO-21 is an investigator-driven, prospective, open-labeled phase I drug-repurposing trial assessing the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of capecitabine administered concurrently to standard preoperative radiotherapy (45 Gy in 25 fractions followed by 9 Gy boost in 5 fractions) in combination with fixed doses of the IL1-RA anakinra (100 mg, days -10 to 30). Capecitabine will be administered using a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design (500 mg/m Based on extensive preclinical research, the ACO/ARO/AIO-21 phase I trial will assess whether the IL-1RA anakinra can be safely combined with fluoropyrimidine-based CRT in rectal cancer. It will further explore the potential of IL-1 inhibition to overcome therapy resistance and improve response rates. A comprehensive translational research program will expand our understanding from a clinical perspective and may help translate the results into a randomized phase II trial.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35449546
doi: 10.1016/j.ctro.2022.04.003
pii: S2405-6308(22)00026-X
pmc: PMC9018120
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

99-106

Informations de copyright

© 2022 The Author(s).

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The trial is sponsored by the LOEWE-Zentrum Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI) [III L 5 - 519/03/03.001 – (0015), PI: Emmanouil Fokas]. The authors have no further conflicts of interest to declare.

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Auteurs

Maximilian Fleischmann (M)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Markus Diefenhardt (M)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Adele M Nicolas (AM)

Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus (GSH), 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Franz Rödel (F)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Michael Ghadimi (M)

Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.

Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz (RD)

Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.

Florian R Greten (FR)

Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus (GSH), 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Claus Rödel (C)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Emmanouil Fokas (E)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
Frankfurt Cancer Institute, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt am Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.

Classifications MeSH