Neoadjuvant Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Improves Organ Preservation in T4bM0 Colorectal Cancer With Mismatch Repair Deficiency: A Retrospective Observational Study.


Journal

Diseases of the colon and rectum
ISSN: 1530-0358
Titre abrégé: Dis Colon Rectum
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0372764

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
01 10 2023
Historique:
medline: 12 9 2023
pubmed: 30 4 2022
entrez: 29 4 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Colorectal cancer with mismatch repair deficiency is usually less aggressive and associated with a lower risk of distant metastasis. Immune checkpoint inhibition, rather than traditional chemoradiotherapy, has shown great advantages in treating such patients. This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that locally very advanced (T4b) colorectal cancer without distant metastases might present with higher probability of mismatch repair deficiency and be more sensitive to neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition. This study was designed as a single-center retrospective observational study. The study was conducted in a tertiary referral center in China. The study included patients who were clinically diagnosed with T4bM0 colorectal cancer from 2008 to 2019. Clinicopathological characteristics, mismatch repair status, and survival outcomes of patients with mismatch repair deficiency were analyzed. A total of 268 patients were included. The incidence of patients with mismatch repair deficiency in the T4bM0 population was 27.6% (75/268), with 84.0% (63/75) in the colon and 16.0% (12/75) in the rectum. For tumors located in the proximal colon, 45.0% (50/111) exhibited mismatch repair deficiency, whereas the incidence of mismatch repair deficiency in sigmoid colon cancer and rectal cancer was only 15.9% (25/157). Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition significantly reduced the open surgery rate ( p = 0.000) and multivisceral resection rate ( p = 0.025). The pathological complete remission rate in the neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition group was significantly higher than that in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy/chemotherapy group (70.0% vs 0%; p = 0.004). No tumor downstaging was observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition provided significantly better disease-free survival ( p = 0.0078) and relatively longer overall survival ( p = 0.15) than other groups. This study is limited by the possible selection bias and small sample size. Our data depicted the high incidence of mismatch repair deficiency in T4bM0 mismatch repair deficiency and the effectiveness of the neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition group in organ preservation. Precision oncology requires identification of the protein status of mismatch repair at initial diagnosis to make a rational treatment decision for these patients. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B952 . ANTECEDENTES:Los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal con deficiencia en la reparación de desajustes suelen (dMMR) ser menos agresivos y se asocian con un menor riesgo de metástasis a distancia. La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario, en lugar de la quimiorradioterapia tradicional, ha mostrado grandes ventajas en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.OBJETIVO:Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar nuestra hipótesis de que el CCR localmente muy avanzado (T4b) sin metástasis a distancia podría presentarse con una mayor probabilidad de dMMR y ser más sensible a la inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante.DISEÑO:Este estudio fue diseñado como un estudio observacional retrospectivo de un solo centro.CONFIGURACIÓN:El estudio se realizó en un centro de referencia terciario en China.PACIENTES:Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de CCR T4bM0 desde 2008 hasta 2019.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se analizaron las características clinicopatológicas, el estado de MMR y los resultados de supervivencia de los pacientes con dMMR.RESULTADOS:Se incluyeron un total de 268 pacientes. La incidencia de dMMR en la población T4bM0 fue del 27,6% (75/268), con un 84,0% (63/75) en colon y un 16,0% (12/75) en recto. Para los tumores ubicados en el colon proximal, el 45,0% (50/111) exhibió dMMR, mientras que la incidencia de dMMR en el cáncer de colon sigmoideo y el cáncer de recto fue solo del 15,9% (25/157). La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante redujo significativamente la cirugía abierta y la tasa de resección multivisceral ( p = 0,000 y p = 0,025, respectivamente). La tasa de PCR en el grupo de inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante fue significativamente mayor que en el grupo de quimiorradioterapia/quimioterapia neoadyuvante (70,0% frente a 0%, p = 0,004). No se observó reducción del estadio del tumor después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante. La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante proporcionó una supervivencia sin enfermedad significativamente mejor ( p = 0,0078) y una supervivencia general relativamente más larga ( p = 0,15) que otros grupos.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio está limitado por el posible sesgo de selección y el pequeño tamaño de la muestra.CONCLUSIONES:Nuestros datos representan la alta incidencia de dMMR en T4bM0 CRC y la eficacia del grupo de inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante en la preservación de órganos. La oncología de precisión requiere la identificación del estado de la proteína MMR en el diagnóstico inicial para tomar una decisión de tratamiento racional para estos pacientes especiales. Consulte el Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B952 . (Traducción-Dr. Yesenia Rojas-Khalil ).

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer with mismatch repair deficiency is usually less aggressive and associated with a lower risk of distant metastasis. Immune checkpoint inhibition, rather than traditional chemoradiotherapy, has shown great advantages in treating such patients.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to verify the hypothesis that locally very advanced (T4b) colorectal cancer without distant metastases might present with higher probability of mismatch repair deficiency and be more sensitive to neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition.
DESIGN
This study was designed as a single-center retrospective observational study.
SETTINGS
The study was conducted in a tertiary referral center in China.
PATIENTS
The study included patients who were clinically diagnosed with T4bM0 colorectal cancer from 2008 to 2019.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Clinicopathological characteristics, mismatch repair status, and survival outcomes of patients with mismatch repair deficiency were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 268 patients were included. The incidence of patients with mismatch repair deficiency in the T4bM0 population was 27.6% (75/268), with 84.0% (63/75) in the colon and 16.0% (12/75) in the rectum. For tumors located in the proximal colon, 45.0% (50/111) exhibited mismatch repair deficiency, whereas the incidence of mismatch repair deficiency in sigmoid colon cancer and rectal cancer was only 15.9% (25/157). Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition significantly reduced the open surgery rate ( p = 0.000) and multivisceral resection rate ( p = 0.025). The pathological complete remission rate in the neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition group was significantly higher than that in neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy/chemotherapy group (70.0% vs 0%; p = 0.004). No tumor downstaging was observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition provided significantly better disease-free survival ( p = 0.0078) and relatively longer overall survival ( p = 0.15) than other groups.
LIMITATIONS
This study is limited by the possible selection bias and small sample size.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data depicted the high incidence of mismatch repair deficiency in T4bM0 mismatch repair deficiency and the effectiveness of the neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition group in organ preservation. Precision oncology requires identification of the protein status of mismatch repair at initial diagnosis to make a rational treatment decision for these patients. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B952 .
LA INHIBICIN DEL PUNTO DE CONTROL INMUNITARIO NEOADYUVANTE MEJORA LA PRESERVACIN DE RGANOS EN EL CNCER COLORRECTAL TBM CON DEFICIENCIA DE REPARACIN DE ERRORES DE COINCIDENCIA UN ESTUDIO OBSERVACIONAL RETROSPECTIVO
ANTECEDENTES:Los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal con deficiencia en la reparación de desajustes suelen (dMMR) ser menos agresivos y se asocian con un menor riesgo de metástasis a distancia. La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario, en lugar de la quimiorradioterapia tradicional, ha mostrado grandes ventajas en el tratamiento de estos pacientes.OBJETIVO:Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar nuestra hipótesis de que el CCR localmente muy avanzado (T4b) sin metástasis a distancia podría presentarse con una mayor probabilidad de dMMR y ser más sensible a la inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante.DISEÑO:Este estudio fue diseñado como un estudio observacional retrospectivo de un solo centro.CONFIGURACIÓN:El estudio se realizó en un centro de referencia terciario en China.PACIENTES:Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de CCR T4bM0 desde 2008 hasta 2019.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se analizaron las características clinicopatológicas, el estado de MMR y los resultados de supervivencia de los pacientes con dMMR.RESULTADOS:Se incluyeron un total de 268 pacientes. La incidencia de dMMR en la población T4bM0 fue del 27,6% (75/268), con un 84,0% (63/75) en colon y un 16,0% (12/75) en recto. Para los tumores ubicados en el colon proximal, el 45,0% (50/111) exhibió dMMR, mientras que la incidencia de dMMR en el cáncer de colon sigmoideo y el cáncer de recto fue solo del 15,9% (25/157). La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante redujo significativamente la cirugía abierta y la tasa de resección multivisceral ( p = 0,000 y p = 0,025, respectivamente). La tasa de PCR en el grupo de inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante fue significativamente mayor que en el grupo de quimiorradioterapia/quimioterapia neoadyuvante (70,0% frente a 0%, p = 0,004). No se observó reducción del estadio del tumor después de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante. La inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante proporcionó una supervivencia sin enfermedad significativamente mejor ( p = 0,0078) y una supervivencia general relativamente más larga ( p = 0,15) que otros grupos.LIMITACIONES:Este estudio está limitado por el posible sesgo de selección y el pequeño tamaño de la muestra.CONCLUSIONES:Nuestros datos representan la alta incidencia de dMMR en T4bM0 CRC y la eficacia del grupo de inhibición del punto de control inmunitario neoadyuvante en la preservación de órganos. La oncología de precisión requiere la identificación del estado de la proteína MMR en el diagnóstico inicial para tomar una decisión de tratamiento racional para estos pacientes especiales. Consulte el Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B952 . (Traducción-Dr. Yesenia Rojas-Khalil ).

Identifiants

pubmed: 35485833
doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000002466
pii: 00003453-202310000-00011
doi:

Substances chimiques

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors 0

Types de publication

Observational Study Video-Audio Media Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

e996-e1005

Informations de copyright

Copyright © The ASCRS 2022.

Références

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Auteurs

Kai Han (K)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Jing-Hua Tang (JH)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Le-En Liao (LE)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Wu Jiang (W)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Qiao-Qi Sui (QQ)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Bin-Yi Xiao (BY)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Wei-Rong Li (WR)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Zhi-Gang Hong (ZG)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Yuan Li (Y)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Ling-Heng Kong (LH)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Dan-Dan Li (DD)

Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Biological Therapy Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

Xiao-Shi Zhang (XS)

Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Biological Therapy Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.

Zhi-Zhong Pan (ZZ)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Scott R Steele (SR)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Pei-Rong Ding (PR)

Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

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