Cryptococcus spp. and Cryptococcosis: focusing on the infection in Brazil.
Antifungal treatment
Cryptococcosis
Epidemiology
Virulence mechanism
Journal
Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
ISSN: 1678-4405
Titre abrégé: Braz J Microbiol
Pays: Brazil
ID NLM: 101095924
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
10
06
2021
accepted:
25
03
2022
pubmed:
30
4
2022
medline:
9
9
2022
entrez:
29
4
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Cryptococcosis is a global fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii yeast complex. This infection is acquired by inhalation of propagules such as basidiospores or dry yeast, initially causing lung infections with the possibility of progressing to the meninges. This infection mainly affects immunocompromised HIV and transplant patients; however, immunocompetent patients can also be affected. This review proposes to evaluate cryptococcosis focusing on studies of this mycosis in Brazilian territory; moreover, recent advances in the understanding of its virulence mechanism, animal models in research are also assessed. For this, literature review as realized in PubMed, Scielo, and Brazilian legislation. In Brazil, cryptococcosis has been identified as one of the most lethal fungal infections among HIV patients and C. neoformans VNI and C. gattii VGII are the most prevalent genotypes. Moreover, different clinical settings published in Brazil were described. As in other countries, cryptococcosis is difficult to treat due to a limited therapeutic arsenal, which is highly toxic and costly. The presence of a polysaccharide capsule, thermo-tolerance, production of melanin, biofilm formation, mechanisms for iron use, and morphological alterations is an important virulence mechanism of these yeasts. The introduction of cryptococcosis as a compulsory notification disease could improve data regarding incidence and help in the management of these infections.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35486354
doi: 10.1007/s42770-022-00744-y
pii: 10.1007/s42770-022-00744-y
pmc: PMC9433474
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1321-1337Subventions
Organisme : Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.
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