Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding Mental Illness.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Autism Spectrum Disorder / genetics Bipolar Disorder Cerebral Cortex Child Depressive Disorder, Major / pathology Female Humans Infant, Newborn Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods Pregnancy Premature Birth / pathology
Cortical growth Cortical surface area Mental illness Neurodevelopment Neurogenesis Psychiatric disorders

Journal

Biological psychiatry
ISSN: 1873-2402
Titre abrégé: Biol Psychiatry
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0213264

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 08 2022
Historique:
received: 19 10 2021
revised: 02 02 2022
accepted: 23 02 2022
pubmed: 1 5 2022
medline: 2 8 2022
entrez: 30 4 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Morphology of the human cerebral cortex differs across psychiatric disorders, with neurobiology and developmental origins mostly undetermined. Deviations in the tangential growth of the cerebral cortex during pre/perinatal periods may be reflected in individual variations in cortical surface area later in life. Interregional profiles of group differences in surface area between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging from 27,359 individuals including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and high general psychopathology (through the Child Behavior Checklist). Similarity of interregional profiles of group differences in surface area and prenatal cell-specific gene expression was assessed. Across the 11 cortical regions, group differences in cortical area for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Child Behavior Checklist were dominant in multimodal association cortices. The same interregional profiles were also associated with interregional profiles of (prenatal) gene expression specific to proliferative cells, namely radial glia and intermediate progenitor cells (greater expression, larger difference), as well as differentiated cells, namely excitatory neurons and endothelial and mural cells (greater expression, smaller difference). Finally, these cell types were implicated in known pre/perinatal risk factors for psychosis. Genes coexpressed with radial glia were enriched with genes implicated in congenital abnormalities, birth weight, hypoxia, and starvation. Genes coexpressed with endothelial and mural genes were enriched with genes associated with maternal hypertension and preterm birth. Our findings support a neurodevelopmental model of vulnerability to mental illness whereby prenatal risk factors acting through cell-specific processes lead to deviations from typical brain development during pregnancy.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Morphology of the human cerebral cortex differs across psychiatric disorders, with neurobiology and developmental origins mostly undetermined. Deviations in the tangential growth of the cerebral cortex during pre/perinatal periods may be reflected in individual variations in cortical surface area later in life.
METHODS
Interregional profiles of group differences in surface area between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging from 27,359 individuals including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and high general psychopathology (through the Child Behavior Checklist). Similarity of interregional profiles of group differences in surface area and prenatal cell-specific gene expression was assessed.
RESULTS
Across the 11 cortical regions, group differences in cortical area for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Child Behavior Checklist were dominant in multimodal association cortices. The same interregional profiles were also associated with interregional profiles of (prenatal) gene expression specific to proliferative cells, namely radial glia and intermediate progenitor cells (greater expression, larger difference), as well as differentiated cells, namely excitatory neurons and endothelial and mural cells (greater expression, smaller difference). Finally, these cell types were implicated in known pre/perinatal risk factors for psychosis. Genes coexpressed with radial glia were enriched with genes implicated in congenital abnormalities, birth weight, hypoxia, and starvation. Genes coexpressed with endothelial and mural genes were enriched with genes associated with maternal hypertension and preterm birth.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings support a neurodevelopmental model of vulnerability to mental illness whereby prenatal risk factors acting through cell-specific processes lead to deviations from typical brain development during pregnancy.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.959 PMID: 35489875
pubmed: 35489875
pii: S0006-3223(22)01067-8
doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.959
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

299-313

Subventions

Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041174
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041048
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041156
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041093
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041106
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA050989
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : RF1 MH123163
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041089
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA050988
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : S10 OD023696
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH085734
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA041134
Pays : United States
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Pays : United States
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Pays : United States
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Pays : United States
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Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
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Pays : United States
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Pays : United States
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ID : U01 DA051018
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : U01 DA051038
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Yash Patel (Y)

Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Jean Shin (J)

The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Christoph Abé (C)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Ingrid Agartz (I)

NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Clara Alloza (C)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.

Dag Alnæs (D)

NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Sonia Ambrogi (S)

Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy.

Linda A Antonucci (LA)

Departments of Education Science, Psychology, Communication Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.

Celso Arango (C)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

Volker Arolt (V)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Guillaume Auzias (G)

National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

Rosa Ayesa-Arriola (R)

Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.

Nerisa Banaj (N)

Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy.

Tobias Banaschewski (T)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Cibele Bandeira (C)

Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Zeynep Başgöze (Z)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Renata Basso Cupertino (RB)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.

Claiton H D Bau (CHD)

Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Jochen Bauer (J)

Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Sarah Baumeister (S)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Fabio Bernardoni (F)

Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

Alessandro Bertolino (A)

Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.

Caterina Del Mar Bonnin (CDM)

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

Daniel Brandeis (D)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Silvia Brem (S)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Jason Bruggemann (J)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Robin Bülow (R)

Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Juan R Bustillo (JR)

Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Sara Calderoni (S)

Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.

Rosa Calvo (R)

Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.

Erick J Canales-Rodríguez (EJ)

FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Dara M Cannon (DM)

Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Susanna Carmona (S)

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.

Vaughan J Carr (VJ)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Stanley V Catts (SV)

School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Sneha Chenji (S)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Qian Hui Chew (QH)

Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.

David Coghill (D)

Department of Paediatrics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

Colm G Connolly (CG)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.

Annette Conzelmann (A)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Alexander R Craven (AR)

Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Benedicto Crespo-Facorro (B)

Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, CIBERSAM, Sevilla, Spain.

Kathryn Cullen (K)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Andreas Dahl (A)

Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Udo Dannlowski (U)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Christopher G Davey (CG)

Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

Christine Deruelle (C)

National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja (CM)

School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

Katharina Dohm (K)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Stefan Ehrlich (S)

Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

Jeffery Epstein (J)

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Tracy Erwin-Grabner (T)

Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Lisa T Eyler (LT)

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.

Jennifer Fedor (J)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Jacqueline Fitzgerald (J)

Trinity Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

William Foran (W)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Judith M Ford (JM)

San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California.

Lydia Fortea (L)

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

Paola Fuentes-Claramonte (P)

FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Janice Fullerton (J)

Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.

Lisa Furlong (L)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

Louise Gallagher (L)

Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Bingchen Gao (B)

Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.

Si Gao (S)

Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Jose M Goikolea (JM)

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

Ian Gotlib (I)

Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Roberto Goya-Maldonado (R)

Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Hans J Grabe (HJ)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Melissa Green (M)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Eugenio H Grevet (EH)

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Nynke A Groenewold (NA)

Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Dominik Grotegerd (D)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Oliver Gruber (O)

Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Jan Haavik (J)

Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Tim Hahn (T)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Ben J Harrison (BJ)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Walter Heindel (W)

Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Frans Henskens (F)

School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.

Dirk J Heslenfeld (DJ)

Experimental and Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Eva Hilland (E)

Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Pieter J Hoekstra (PJ)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Sarah Hohmann (S)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Nathalie Holz (N)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Fleur M Howells (FM)

Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Jonathan C Ipser (JC)

Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Neda Jahanshad (N)

USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California.

Babette Jakobi (B)

Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Andreas Jansen (A)

Core Facility Brain imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Joost Janssen (J)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.

Rune Jonassen (R)

Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.

Anna Kaiser (A)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.

Vasiliy Kaleda (V)

Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

James Karantonis (J)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.

Joseph A King (JA)

Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

Tilo Kircher (T)

Department of Psychiatry, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany.

Peter Kochunov (P)

Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz (SM)

Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Mikael Landén (M)

Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Nils Inge Landrø (NI)

Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Stephen Lawrie (S)

Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Irina Lebedeva (I)

Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

Beatriz Luna (B)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Astri J Lundervold (AJ)

Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Frank P MacMaster (FP)

Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Luigi A Maglanoc (LA)

Department for Data Capture and Collections Management, University Center for Information Technology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Daniel H Mathalon (DH)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Colm McDonald (C)

Galway Neuroscience Centre, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Andrew McIntosh (A)

Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Susanne Meinert (S)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Patricia T Michie (PT)

School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.

Philip Mitchell (P)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Ana Moreno-Alcázar (A)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

Bryan Mowry (B)

Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Filippo Muratori (F)

Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.

Leila Nabulsi (L)

Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Igor Nenadić (I)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Ruth O'Gorman Tuura (R)

University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Jaap Oosterlaan (J)

Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Bronwyn Overs (B)

Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.

Christos Pantelis (C)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia.

Mara Parellada (M)

School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

Jose C Pariente (JC)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging core facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.

Paul Pauli (P)

Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Giulio Pergola (G)

Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.

Francesco Maria Piarulli (FM)

Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.

Felipe Picon (F)

Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Fabrizio Piras (F)

Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy.

Edith Pomarol-Clotet (E)

FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Clara Pretus (C)

Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Yann Quidé (Y)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Joaquim Radua (J)

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga (JA)

Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Paul E Rasser (PE)

Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.

Andreas Reif (A)

Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Alessandra Retico (A)

National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Pisa Division, Pisa, Italy.

Gloria Roberts (G)

School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia.

Susan Rossell (S)

Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Diego Luiz Rovaris (DL)

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Katya Rubia (K)

Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Matthew Sacchet (M)

Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts.

Josep Salavert (J)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.

Raymond Salvador (R)

FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Salvador Sarró (S)

FIDMAG Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Akira Sawa (A)

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Ulrich Schall (U)

Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.

Rodney Scott (R)

Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.

Pierluigi Selvaggi (P)

Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy.

Tim Silk (T)

School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.

Kang Sim (K)

West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.

Antonin Skoch (A)

National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.

Gianfranco Spalletta (G)

Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy.

Filip Spaniel (F)

National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.

Dan J Stein (DJ)

Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Olaf Steinsträter (O)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Aleks Stolicyn (A)

Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Yoichiro Takayanagi (Y)

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.

Leanne Tamm (L)

Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Maria Tavares (M)

Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Alexander Teumer (A)

Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Katharina Thiel (K)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Sophia I Thomopoulos (SI)

Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California.

David Tomecek (D)

National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.

Alexander S Tomyshev (AS)

Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez (D)

Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.

Michela Tosetti (M)

Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.

Anne Uhlmann (A)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany.

Tamsyn Van Rheenen (T)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Javier Vazquez-Bourgón (J)

Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.

Meike W Vernooij (MW)

Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Eduard Vieta (E)

Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.

Oscar Vilarroya (O)

Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain.

Cynthia Weickert (C)

Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Thomas Weickert (T)

SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.

Lars T Westlye (LT)

NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Heather Whalley (H)

Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

David Willinger (D)

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Alexandra Winter (A)

Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Katharina Wittfeld (K)

German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Tony T Yang (TT)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Yuliya Yoncheva (Y)

NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.

Jendé L Zijlmans (JL)

Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Martine Hoogman (M)

Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Barbara Franke (B)

Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Daan van Rooij (D)

Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Jan Buitelaar (J)

Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Christopher R K Ching (CRK)

Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California.

Ole A Andreassen (OA)

NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Elena Pozzi (E)

Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Dick Veltman (D)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Lianne Schmaal (L)

Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Theo G M van Erp (TGM)

Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.

Jessica Turner (J)

Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia.

F Xavier Castellanos (FX)

NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.

Zdenka Pausova (Z)

The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Paul Thompson (P)

Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California.

Tomas Paus (T)

Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: tpausresearch@gmail.com.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles du développement neurologique › Troubles déficitaires de l'attention et du comportement perturbateur › Trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles du développement neurologique › Troubles généralisés du développement de l'enfant › Trouble du spectre autistique › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles de l'humeur › Troubles bipolaires et apparentés › Trouble bipolaire › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Système nerveux › Système nerveux central › Encéphale › Prosencéphale › Télencéphale › Cerveau › Cortex cérébral › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Enfant › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Troubles mentaux › Troubles de l'humeur › Trouble dépressif › Trouble dépressif majeur › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Nourrisson › Nouveau-né › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Diagnostic › Techniques et procédures diagnostiques › Imagerie diagnostique › Tomographie › Imagerie par résonance magnétique › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Phénomènes physiologiques des appareils urinaire et reproducteur › Phénomènes physiologiques de la reproduction › Reproduction › Grossesse › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies urogénitales › Maladies de l'appareil urogénital féminin et complications de la grossesse › Complications de la grossesse › Complications du travail obstétrical › Travail obstétrical prématuré › Naissance prématurée › Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding...