Differences in saliva ACE2 activity among infected and non-infected adult and pediatric population exposed to SARS-CoV-2.
ACE2
SARS-CoV-2
Saliva
Severity
Susceptibility
Journal
The Journal of infection
ISSN: 1532-2742
Titre abrégé: J Infect
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7908424
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2022
07 2022
Historique:
received:
28
09
2021
revised:
02
02
2022
accepted:
25
04
2022
pubmed:
2
5
2022
medline:
15
6
2022
entrez:
1
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Variations in the ACE2 activity in saliva could explain the striking differences of susceptibility to infection and risk of severe disease. We analyze the activity of ACE2 in saliva in different population groups across a wide age range and disease status during April to June 2020, before SARS-CoV-2 vaccine implementation, and we establish differences between infected people and participants considered resistant (highly exposed healthcare workers and children who cohabited with parents with COVID-19 without isolation and remain IgG negative). We included 74 adults, of which 47 (64%) were susceptible and 27 (36%) were resistant, and 79 children, of which 41 (52%) were susceptible and 38 (48%) were resistant. Resistant adults have significantly lower ACE2 activity in saliva than susceptible adults and non-significant higher values than susceptible and resistant children. ACE2 activity is similar in the susceptible and resistant pediatric population (p = 0.527). In contrast, we observe an increase in activity as the disease's severity increases among the adult population (mild disease vs. severe disease, 39 vs. 105 FU, p = 0.039; severe disease vs. resistant, 105 vs. 31 FU, p < 0.001). using an enzymatic test, we show that ACE2 activity in saliva correlates with the susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2 infection and disease severity. Children and adults with low-susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2 infection showed the lowest ACE2 activity. These findings could inform future strategies to identify at-risk individuals.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Variations in the ACE2 activity in saliva could explain the striking differences of susceptibility to infection and risk of severe disease.
METHODS
We analyze the activity of ACE2 in saliva in different population groups across a wide age range and disease status during April to June 2020, before SARS-CoV-2 vaccine implementation, and we establish differences between infected people and participants considered resistant (highly exposed healthcare workers and children who cohabited with parents with COVID-19 without isolation and remain IgG negative).
RESULTS
We included 74 adults, of which 47 (64%) were susceptible and 27 (36%) were resistant, and 79 children, of which 41 (52%) were susceptible and 38 (48%) were resistant. Resistant adults have significantly lower ACE2 activity in saliva than susceptible adults and non-significant higher values than susceptible and resistant children. ACE2 activity is similar in the susceptible and resistant pediatric population (p = 0.527). In contrast, we observe an increase in activity as the disease's severity increases among the adult population (mild disease vs. severe disease, 39 vs. 105 FU, p = 0.039; severe disease vs. resistant, 105 vs. 31 FU, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
using an enzymatic test, we show that ACE2 activity in saliva correlates with the susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2 infection and disease severity. Children and adults with low-susceptibility to SARS-Cov-2 infection showed the lowest ACE2 activity. These findings could inform future strategies to identify at-risk individuals.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35490737
pii: S0163-4453(22)00248-1
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.04.041
pmc: PMC9050198
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
ACE2 protein, human
EC 3.4.17.23
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
EC 3.4.17.23
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
86-89Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest Outside the submitted work, S. S.-V. reports personal fees from ViiV Healthcare, Janssen Cilag, Gilead Sciences, and MSD as well as non-financial support from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences and research grants from MSD and Gilead Sciences. J.M.-S. reports non-financial support from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, and Jannsen Cilag. S.M. reports personal fees and non-financial from ViiV Healthcare, Janssen, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, as well as grants from MSD, ViiV Healthcare, and Gilead Sciences.
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