Hirudin Regulates Vascular Function in Chronic Renal Failure through Modulating Macrophage Polarization.
Journal
BioMed research international
ISSN: 2314-6141
Titre abrégé: Biomed Res Int
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101600173
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
29
12
2021
revised:
18
03
2022
accepted:
21
03
2022
entrez:
2
5
2022
pubmed:
3
5
2022
medline:
4
5
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Excessive inflammation is responsible for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure, which determines the therapeutic effect of chronic renal failure (CRF). Macrophage polarization is of great significance in the inflammatory response. Hirudin (Hiru) has been reported to possess a definite anti-inflammatory effect. This study is to uncover the impacts of Hiru on classically (M1)/alternatively (M2) macrophage polarization in the CRF rat model and rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). After the CRF rat model was administrated with different concentrations of Hiru, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels were tested. H&E staining was to detect vascular injury, and IHC assay was to analyze inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase-1 (Arg-1) expressions in vascular tissues. Levels of inflammatory factors were examined by ELISA. Besides, western blot was to estimate the levels of marker proteins related to macrophage, proliferation, and apoptosis. CCK-8 was to measure cell viability. We discovered that Hiru alleviated renal function injury and vascular injury, exacerbated VSMC hyperplasia, and stimulated the differentiation and activation of M1 macrophage towards M2 macrophage in vivo. Moreover, after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/IFN-gamma (IFN-
Identifiants
pubmed: 35496058
doi: 10.1155/2022/6043698
pmc: PMC9042600
doi:
Substances chimiques
Hirudins
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
6043698Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Bo Chen et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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