Pathophysiological mechanism of non-HIV Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
Human immunodeficiency virus
Macrophage polarization
Microbiome
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
Th1-predominance
Journal
Respiratory investigation
ISSN: 2212-5353
Titre abrégé: Respir Investig
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101581124
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2022
Jul 2022
Historique:
received:
25
01
2022
revised:
18
03
2022
accepted:
03
04
2022
pubmed:
3
5
2022
medline:
14
7
2022
entrez:
2
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
While Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in immunocompromised patients with HIV infection, the prognosis of non-HIV PCP is still poor, showing a high mortality rate of 30%-75%. The pathophysiological mechanism of non-HIV PCP is quite different from that of HIV-PCP. Aging, underlying disease, dysbiotic gut microbiome, and Th1 predominance, leads to macrophagic polarization shifting from M2 to M1. These cause dysregulation in the host immunity against P. jirovecii, resulting in severe lung injury and a high mortality rate among non-HIV PCP patients. This review describes poor prognostic factors, an issue of predictive values used for general pneumonia practice, and new aspects, including the dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and macrophagic polarization in the treatment of non-HIV PCP.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35501264
pii: S2212-5345(22)00046-6
doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2022.04.002
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
522-530Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.