A new paradigm for diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: peripheral exosomes of brain origin.
Alzheimer’s disease
Blood–brain barrier
Central nervous system
Diagnosis
Exosomes
Parkinson’s disease
Journal
Translational neurodegeneration
ISSN: 2047-9158
Titre abrégé: Transl Neurodegener
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101591861
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 05 2022
09 05 2022
Historique:
received:
16
11
2021
accepted:
09
04
2022
entrez:
8
5
2022
pubmed:
9
5
2022
medline:
11
5
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of maladies, characterized by progressive loss of neurons. These diseases involve an intricate pattern of cross-talk between different types of cells to maintain specific signaling pathways. A component of such intercellular cross-talk is the exchange of various types of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are a subset of EVs, which are increasingly being known for the role they play in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., synucleinopathies and tauopathies. The ability of the central nervous system exosomes to cross the blood-brain barrier into blood has generated enthusiasm in their study as potential biomarkers. However, the lack of standardized, efficient, and ultra-sensitive methods for the isolation and detection of brain-derived exosomes has hampered the development of effective biomarkers. Exosomes mirror heterogeneous biological changes that occur during the progression of these incurable illnesses, potentially offering a more comprehensive outlook of neurodegenerative disease diagnosis, progression and treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss the challenges and opportunities of peripheral biofluid-based brain-exosomes in the diagnosis and biomarker discovery of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In the later part, we discuss the traditional and emerging methods used for the isolation of exosomes and compare their advantages and disadvantages in clinical settings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35527262
doi: 10.1186/s40035-022-00301-5
pii: 10.1186/s40035-022-00301-5
pmc: PMC9082915
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
28Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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