Ampullary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Identification of Prognostic Factors in a Multicentric Series of 119 Cases.


Journal

Endocrine pathology
ISSN: 1559-0097
Titre abrégé: Endocr Pathol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9009288

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2022
Historique:
accepted: 05 05 2022
pubmed: 14 5 2022
medline: 31 5 2022
entrez: 13 5 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the major and minor ampulla are rare diseases with clinico-pathologic features distinct from non-ampullary-duodenal NENs. However, they have been often combined and the knowledge on prognostic factors specific to ampullary NENs (Amp-NENs) is limited. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with metastatic potential and patient prognosis in Amp-NENs. We clinically and histologically investigated an international series of 119 Amp-NENs, comprising 93 ampullary neuroendocrine tumors (Amp-NETs) and 26 neuroendocrine carcinomas (Amp-NECs). Somatostatin-producing tubulo-acinar NET represented the predominant Amp-NET histologic subtype (58 cases, 62%, 12 associated with type 1 neurofibromatosis). Compared to Amp-NETs, Amp-NECs arose in significantly older patients and showed a larger tumor size, a more frequent small vessel invasion, a deeper level of invasion and a higher rate of distant metastasis, and, importantly, a tremendously worse disease-specific patient survival. In Amp-NETs, the WHO grade proved to be a strong predictor of disease-specific survival (hazard ratio: 12.61, p < 0.001 for G2 vs G1), as well as patient age at diagnosis > 60 years, small vessel invasion, pancreatic invasion, and distant metastasis at diagnosis. Although nodal metastatic disease was not associated with survival by itself, patients with > 3 metastatic lymph nodes showed a worse outcome in comparison with the remaining Amp-NET cases with lymphadenectomy. Tumor epicenter in the major ampulla, small vessel invasion, and tumor size > 16 mm were independent predictors of nodal metastases in Amp-NETs. In conclusion, we identified prognostic factors, which may eventually help guide treatment decisions in Amp-NENs.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35553369
doi: 10.1007/s12022-022-09720-6
pii: 10.1007/s12022-022-09720-6
pmc: PMC9135850
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

274-288

Subventions

Organisme : Associazione Italiana Ricerca Cancro
ID : AIRC IG n. 26343

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).

Références

Delle Fave G, Kwekkeboom DJ, Van Cutsem E, Rindi G, Kos-Kudla B, Knigge U, Sasano H, Tomassetti P, Salazar R, Ruszniewski P; Barcelona Consensus Conference participants. ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the management of patients with gastroduodenal neoplasms (2012) Neuroendocrinology 95:74–87. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335595
Hartel M, Wente MN, Sido B, Friess H, Büchler MW (2005) Carcinoid of the ampulla of Vater. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 20:676-681. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03744.x
doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03744.x pubmed: 15853978
Zhang XF, Wu XN, Tsilimigras DI, Poultsides G, Rocha F, Abbott DE, Fields R, Idrees K, Cho C, Maithel SK, Pawlik TM; other members of the US Neuroendocrine Tumor Study Group (2019) Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Impact of tumor size and total number of lymph nodes examined. J Surg Oncol 120:1302-1310. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.25753
doi: 10.1002/jso.25753 pubmed: 31680243
Schmocker RK, Wright MJ, Ding D, Javed AA, Cameron JL, Lafaro K, Burns WR, He J, Wolfgang CL, Burkhart RA (2021). Duodenal, ampullary, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Oncologic outcomes are driven by tumor biology and tissue of origin. J Surg Oncol 123:416-424. https://doi.org/10.1002/jso.26285
doi: 10.1002/jso.26285 pubmed: 33125737
Pedicone R, Adham M, Hervieu V, Lombard-Bohas C, Guibal A, Scoazec JY, Chayvialle JA, Partensky C (2009). Long-term survival after pancreaticoduodenectomy for endocrine tumors of the ampulla of Vater and minor papilla. Pancreas 38:638-643. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181a9d41f
doi: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181a9d41f pubmed: 19531971
Untch BR, Bonner KP, Roggin KK, Reidy-Lagunes D, Klimstra DS, Schattner MA, Fong Y, Allen PJ, D'Angelica MI, DeMatteo RP, Jarnagin WR, Kingham TP, Tang LH (2014) Pathologic grade and tumor size are associated with recurrence-free survival in patients with duodenal neuroendocrine tumors. J Gastrointest Surg 18:457–462; discussion 462–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-014-2456-x
Margonis GA, Samaha M, Kim Y, Postlewait LM, Kunz P, Maithel S, Tran T, Berger N, Gamblin TC, Mullen MG, Bauer TW, Pawlik TM (2016). A Multi-institutional Analysis of Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors: Tumor Biology Rather than Extent of Resection Dictates Prognosis. J Gastrointest Surg 20:1098-1105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-016-3135-x
doi: 10.1007/s11605-016-3135-x pubmed: 27008594
Dogeas E, Cameron JL, Wolfgang CL, Hirose K, Hruban RH, Makary MA, Pawlik TA, Choti MA. Duodenal and Ampullary Carcinoid Tumors: Size Predicts Necessity for Lymphadenectomy (2017) J Gastrointest Surg 21:1262-1269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-017-3448-4
doi: 10.1007/s11605-017-3448-4 pubmed: 28516311
Massironi S, Campana D, Partelli S, Panzuto F, Rossi RE, Faggiano A, Brighi N, Falconi M, Rinzivillo M, Delle Fave G, Colao AM, Conte D (2018). Heterogeneity of Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Italian Multi-center Experience. Ann Surg Oncol 25:3200-3206. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-018-6673-5
doi: 10.1245/s10434-018-6673-5 pubmed: 30054824
Gay-Chevallier S, de Mestier L, Perinel J, Forestier J, Hervieu V, Ruszniewski P, Millot I, Valette PJ, Pioche M, Lombard-Bohas C, Subtil F, Adham M, Walter T (2021). Management and Prognosis of Localized Duodenal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Neuroendocrinology 111:718-727. https://doi.org/10.1159/000508102
doi: 10.1159/000508102 pubmed: 32335556
Clements WM, Martin SP, Stemmerman G, Lowy AM (2003). Ampullary carcinoid tumors: rationale for an aggressive surgical approach. J Gastrointest Surg 2003 7:773-776. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1091-255x(03)00114-8
doi: 10.1016/s1091-255x(03)00114-8
Randle RW, Ahmed S, Newman NA, Clark CJ (2014). Clinical outcomes for neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum and ampulla of Vater: a population-based study. J Gastrointest Surg 18:354-362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-013-2365-4
doi: 10.1007/s11605-013-2365-4 pubmed: 24114680
Nießen A, Bergmann F, Hinz U, Schimmack S, Hackert T, Büchler MW, Strobel O (2020) Surgical resection for duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasia: Outcome, prognostic factors and risk of metastases. Eur J Surg Oncol 46:1088-1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2020.01.030
doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.01.030 pubmed: 32088004
Exarchou K, Moore AR, Smart HL, Duckworth CA, Howes N, Pritchard DM (2021). A "Watch and Wait" Strategy Involving Regular Endoscopic Surveillance Is Safe for Many Patients with Small, Sporadic, Grade 1, Non-Ampullary, Non-Functioning Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumours. Neuroendocrinology 111:764-774. https://doi.org/10.1159/000511613
doi: 10.1159/000511613 pubmed: 32937631
Ruff SM, Standring O, Wu G, Levy A, Anantha S, Newman E, Karpeh MS Jr, Nealon W, Deutsch GB, Weiss MJ, DePeralta DK (2021) Ampullary Neuroendocrine Tumors: Insight into a Rare Histology. Ann Surg Oncol 28:8318-8328. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-021-10371-w
doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-10371-w pubmed: 34312800
Vanoli A, La Rosa S, Klersy C, Grillo F, Albarello L, Inzani F, Maragliano R, Manca R, Luinetti O, Milione M, Doglioni C, Rindi G, Capella C, Solcia E (2017) Four Neuroendocrine Tumor Types and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Duodenum: Analysis of 203 Cases. Neuroendocrinology 104:112-125. https://doi.org/10.1159/000444803
doi: 10.1159/000444803 pubmed: 26910321
Vanoli A, Albarello L, Uncini S, Fassan M, Grillo F, Di Sabatino A, Martino M, Pasquali C, Milanetto AC, Falconi M, Partelli S, Doglioni C, Schiavo-Lena M, Brambilla T, Pietrabissa A, Sessa F, Capella C, Rindi G, La Rosa S, Solcia E, Paulli M. Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) of the Minor Papilla/Ampulla: Analysis of 16 Cases Underlines Homology With Major Ampulla NETs and Differences From Extra-Ampullary Duodenal NETs (2019) Am J Surg Pathol 43:725-736. https://doi.org/10.1097/PAS.0000000000001234 . PMID: 30913089.
doi: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001234 pubmed: 30913089
Okubo Y, Yoshioka E, Suzuki M, Washimi K, Kawachi K, Kameda Y, Yokose T (2018). Diagnosis, Pathological Findings, and Clinical Management of Gangliocytic Paraganglioma: A Systematic Review. Front Oncol 8:291. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00291
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00291 pubmed: 30101131 pmcid: 6072869
Rindi G, Mete O, Uccella S, Basturk O, La Rosa S, Brosens LAA, Ezzat S, de Herder WW, Klimstra DS, Papotti M, Asa SL (2022). Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Endocr Pathol 33:115-154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12022-022-09708-2
doi: 10.1007/s12022-022-09708-2 pubmed: 35294740
Panzuto F, Massironi S, Partelli S, Campana D, Rinzivillo M, Invernizzi P, Andreasi V, Lamberti G, Falconi M. Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia: The rules for non-operative management (2020). Surg Oncol 35:141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suronc.2020.08.015
doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2020.08.015 pubmed: 32877883
de Mestier L, Lepage C, Baudin E, Coriat R, Courbon F, Couvelard A, Do Cao C, Frampas E, Gaujoux S, Gincul R, Goudet P, Lombard-Bohas C, Poncet G, Smith D, Ruszniewski P, Lecomte T, Bouché O, Walter T, Cadiot G; Thésaurus National de Cancérologie Digestive (TNCD) (2020) Digestive Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN): French Intergroup clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up (SNFGE, GTE, RENATEN, TENPATH, FFCD, GERCOR, UNICANCER, SFCD, SFED, SFRO, SFR). Dig Liver Dis 52:473-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2020.02.011
doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.02.011 pubmed: 32234416
Hwang S, Lee SG, Lee YJ, Han DJ, Kim SC, Kwon SH, Ryu JH, Park JI, Lee HJ, Choi GW, Yu ES (2008). Radical surgical resection for carcinoid tumors of the ampulla. J Gastrointest Surg 12:713-717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-007-0389-3
doi: 10.1007/s11605-007-0389-3 pubmed: 17992565
Milanetto AC, Pasquali C, Da Broi M, Brambilla T, Capretti G, Zerbi A (2018) Ampullary neuroendocrine neoplasms: surgical experience of a rare and challenging entity. Langenbecks Arch Surg 403:581-589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-018-1695-9
doi: 10.1007/s00423-018-1695-9 pubmed: 30043166
Garbrecht N, Anlauf M, Schmitt A, Henopp T, Sipos B, Raffel A, Eisenberger CF, Knoefel WT, Pavel M, Fottner C, Musholt TJ, Rinke A, Arnold R, Berndt U, Plöckinger U, Wiedenmann B, Moch H, Heitz PU, Komminoth P, Perren A, Klöppel G (2008) Somatostatin-producing neuroendocrine tumors of the duodenum and pancreas: incidence, types, biological behavior, association with inherited syndromes, and functional activity. Endocr Relat Cancer 15:229-241. https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-07-0157
doi: 10.1677/ERC-07-0157 pubmed: 18310290
WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board (2019) WHO Classification of Tumors: Digestive System Tumours, 5th ed. Lyon, France:International Agency for Research on Cancer.
Elvebakken H, Perren A, Scoazec JY, Tang LH, Federspiel B, Klimstra DS, Vestermark LW, Ali AS, Zlobec I, Myklebust TÅ, Hjortland GO, Langer SW, Gronbaek H, Knigge U, Tiensuu Janson E, Sorbye H (2021) A Consensus-Developed Morphological Re-Evaluation of 196 High-Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Its Clinical Correlations. Neuroendocrinology 111:883-894. https://doi.org/10.1159/000511905
doi: 10.1159/000511905 pubmed: 33002892
Amin MB (2017) AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, 8th ed. Chicago, IL: Springer.
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-40618-3
Rossi RE, Milanetto AC, Andreasi V, Campana D, Coppa J, Nappo G, Rinzivillo M, Invernizzi P, Modica R, David A, Partelli S, Lamberti G, Mazzaferro V, Zerbi A, Panzuto F, Pasquali C, Falconi M, Massironi S; ItaNet (Italian Association for Neuroendocrine Tumours) study group (2021) Risk of preoperative understaging of duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a plea for caution in the treatment strategy. J Endocrinol Invest 44:2227-2234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-021-01528-1
doi: 10.1007/s40618-021-01528-1 pubmed: 33651317
Albores-Saavedra J, Hart A, Chablé-Montero F, Henson DE (2010) Carcinoids and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the ampulla of vater: a comparative analysis of 139 cases from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program-a population based study Arch Pathol Lab Med 134:1692–6. https://doi.org/10.5858/2009-0697-OAR.1
Nassar H, Albores-Saavedra J, Klimstra DS. High-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla of vater: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 14 cases (2005) Am J Surg Pathol 29:588-594. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pas.0000157974.05397.4f
doi: 10.1097/01.pas.0000157974.05397.4f pubmed: 15832081
Rindi G, Klersy C, Albarello L, Baudin E, Bianchi A, Buchler MW, Caplin M, Couvelard A, Cros J, de Herder WW, Delle Fave G, Doglioni C, Federspiel B, Fischer L, Fusai G, Gavazzi F, Hansen CP, Inzani F, Jann H, Komminoth P, Knigge UP, Landoni L, La Rosa S, Lawlor RT, Luong TV, Marinoni I, Panzuto F, Pape UF, Partelli S, Perren A, Rinzivillo M, Rubini C, Ruszniewski P, Scarpa A, Schmitt A, Schinzari G, Scoazec JY, Sessa F, Solcia E, Spaggiari P, Toumpanakis C, Vanoli A, Wiedenmann B, Zamboni G, Zandee WT, Zerbi A, Falconi M (2018) Competitive Testing of the WHO 2010 versus the WHO 2017 Grading of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Data from a Large International Cohort Study. Neuroendocrinology 107:375-386. https://doi.org/10.1159/000494355
doi: 10.1159/000494355 pubmed: 30300897
Vanoli A, La Rosa S, Miceli E, Klersy C, Maragliano R, Capuano F, Persichella A, Martino M, Inzani F, Luinetti O, Di Sabatino A, Sessa F, Paulli M, Corazza GR, Rindi G, Bordi C, Capella C, Solcia E (2018) Prognostic Evaluations Tailored to Specific Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Analysis Of 200 Cases with Extended Follow-Up. Neuroendocrinology 107:114-126. https://doi.org/10.1159/000489902
doi: 10.1159/000489902 pubmed: 29895024
Kasajima A, Konukiewitz B, Schlitter AM, Weichert W, Klöppel G (2022) An analysis of 130 neuroendocrine tumors G3 regarding prevalence, origin, metastasis, and diagnostic features. Virchows Arch 480:359-368. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-021-03202-6
doi: 10.1007/s00428-021-03202-6 pubmed: 34499237
Klöppel G, La Rosa S (2018) Ki67 labeling index: assessment and prognostic role in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Virchows Arch 472:341-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-017-2258-0
doi: 10.1007/s00428-017-2258-0 pubmed: 29134440
Burgart LJ, Chopp WV, Jain D (2021) College of American Pathologists Protocol for the Examination of Specimens From Patients with Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors (Carcinoid Tumors) of the Duodenum and Ampulla of Vater. https://documents.cap.org/protocols/DuodAmp.NET_1.1.0.0.REL_CAPCP.pdf
Dumitrascu T, Dima S, Herlea V, Tomulescu V, Ionescu M, Popescu I (2012) Neuroendocrine tumours of the ampulla of Vater: clinico-pathological features, surgical approach and assessment of prognosis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 397:933-943. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-012-0951-7
doi: 10.1007/s00423-012-0951-7 pubmed: 22476195 pmcid: 3401309
Yang K, Yun SP, Kim S, Shin N, Park DY, Seo HI (2017) Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of neuroendocrine tumors of ampulla of Vater. BMC Gastroenterol 17:70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-017-0630-9
doi: 10.1186/s12876-017-0630-9 pubmed: 28569146 pmcid: 5452605
Iwasaki T, Nara S, Kishi Y, Esaki M, Shimada K, Hiraoka N (2017) Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine tumors in the second portion of the duodenum: a single center experience and systematic review of the literature. Langenbecks Arch Surg 402:925-933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-016-1537-6
doi: 10.1007/s00423-016-1537-6 pubmed: 27915372
Partelli S, Javed AA, Andreasi V, He J, Muffatti F, Weiss MJ, Sessa F, La Rosa S, Doglioni C, Zamboni G, Wolfgang CL, Falconi M (2018) The number of positive nodes accurately predicts recurrence after pancreaticoduodenectomy for nonfunctioning neuroendocrine neoplasms. Eur J Surg Oncol 44:778-783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2018.03.005
doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.03.005 pubmed: 29610023
Zaidi MY, Lopez-Aguiar AG, Dillhoff M, Beal E, Poultsides G, Makris E, Rocha F, Crown A, Idrees K, Marincola Smith P, Nathan H, Beems M, Abbott D, Barrett JR, Fields RC, Davidson J, Cardona K, Maithel SK (2019) Prognostic Role of Lymph Node Positivity and Number of Lymph Nodes Needed for Accurately Staging Small-Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors. JAMA Surg 154:134-140. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2018.3865
doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.3865 pubmed: 30383112
Zhang XF, Xue F, Dong DH, Lopez-Aguiar AG, Poultsides G, Makris E, Rocha F, Kanji Z, Weber S, Fisher A, Fields R, Krasnick BA, Idrees K, Smith PM, Cho C, Beems M, Lv Y, Maithel SK, Pawlik TM (2021) New Nodal Staging for Primary Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multi-institutional and National Data Analysis. Ann Surg 274:e28-e35. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000003478
doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003478 pubmed: 31356277
Makhlouf HR, Burke AP, Sobin LH (1999) Carcinoid tumors of the ampulla of Vater: a comparison with duodenal carcinoid tumors. Cancer 85:1241-1249. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990315)85:6<1241::aid-cncr5>3.0.co;2-4
doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19990315)85:6<1241::aid-cncr5>3.0.co;2-4 pubmed: 10189128
Zyromski NJ, Kendrick ML, Nagorney DM, Grant CS, Donohue JH, Farnell MB, Thompson GB, Farley DR, Sarr MG (2001) Duodenal carcinoid tumors: how aggressive should we be? J Gastrointest Surg 5:588-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1091-255x(01)80100-1
doi: 10.1016/s1091-255x(01)80100-1 pubmed: 12086896
Witzigmann H, Loracher C, Geissler F, Wagner T, Tannapfel A, Uhlmann D, Caca K, Hauss J, Hehl JA (2002) Neuroendocrine tumours of the duodenum. Clinical aspects, pathomorphology and therapy. Langenbecks Arch Surg 386:525-533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-001-0260-z
doi: 10.1007/s00423-001-0260-z pubmed: 11819111
Pavel M, Öberg K, Falconi M, Krenning EP, Sundin A, Perren A, Berruti A; ESMO Guidelines Committee (2020) Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 31:844-860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.304
doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.304 pubmed: 32272208
Delle Fave G, O'Toole D, Sundin A, Taal B, Ferolla P, Ramage JK, Ferone D, Ito T, Weber W, Zheng-Pei Z, De Herder WW, Pascher A, Ruszniewski P; Vienna Consensus Conference participants (2016) ENETS Consensus Guidelines Update for Gastroduodenal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Neuroendocrinology 103:119-124. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443168
doi: 10.1159/000443168 pubmed: 26784901

Auteurs

Alessandro Vanoli (A)

Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16 - 27100, Pavia, Italy. alessandro.vanoli@unipv.it.
Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy. alessandro.vanoli@unipv.it.

Oneda Grami (O)

Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16 - 27100, Pavia, Italy.

Catherine Klersy (C)

Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.

Anna Caterina Milanetto (AC)

Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.

Luca Albarello (L)

Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Matteo Fassan (M)

Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Claudio Luchini (C)

Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, and ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Federica Grillo (F)

Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Pathology Unit, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Paola Spaggiari (P)

Pathology Department, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Frediano Inzani (F)

Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Rome ENETS Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy.

Silvia Uccella (S)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

Paola Parente (P)

Unit of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy.

Gennaro Nappo (G)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.

Paola Mattiolo (P)

Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Massimo Milione (M)

Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, ENETS Center of Excellence, Milan, Italy.

Andrea Pietrabissa (A)

General Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.

Lorenzo Cobianchi (L)

General Surgery Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.

Marco Schiavo Lena (M)

Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Stefano Partelli (S)

Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Antonio Di Sabatino (A)

Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.

Christine Sempoux (C)

Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Carlo Capella (C)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

Claudio Pasquali (C)

Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology-DiSCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.

Claudio Doglioni (C)

Pathology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Fausto Sessa (F)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

Aldo Scarpa (A)

Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, and ARC-Net Research Centre, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Guido Rindi (G)

Department of Woman and Child Health Sciences and Public Health, Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Rome ENETS Center of Excellence, Rome, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Marco Paulli (M)

Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16 - 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, Pavia, Italy.

Alessandro Zerbi (A)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.
IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.

Massimo Falconi (M)

Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Pancreas Translational & Clinical Research Center, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Enrico Solcia (E)

Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Carlo Forlanini 16 - 27100, Pavia, Italy.

Stefano La Rosa (S)

Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Pathology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH