The effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
heart rate
heart rate variability
meta-regression
noninvasive brain stimulation
transcranial direct current stimulation
transcranial magnetic stimulation
Journal
Journal of neuroscience research
ISSN: 1097-4547
Titre abrégé: J Neurosci Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7600111
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2022
09 2022
Historique:
revised:
25
04
2022
received:
13
01
2022
accepted:
30
04
2022
pubmed:
19
5
2022
medline:
22
7
2022
entrez:
18
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation are widely used to test the involvement of specific cortical regions in various domains such as cognition and emotion. Despite the capability of stimulation techniques to test causal directions, this approach has been only sparsely used to examine the cortical regulation of autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and to test current models in this regard. In this preregistered (PROSPERO) systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate, based on meta-regression, whether NIBS represents an effective method for modulating HR and HRV measures, and to evaluate whether the ANS is modulated by cortical mechanisms affected by NIBS. Here we have adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. In a series of four meta-analyses, a total of 131 effect sizes from 35 sham-controlled trials were analyzed using robust variance estimation random-effects meta-regression technique. NIBS was found to effectively modulate HR and HRV with small to medium effect sizes. Moderator analyses yielded significant differences in effects between stimulation of distinct cortical areas. Our results show that NIBS is a promising tool to investigate the cortical regulation of ANS, which may add to the existing brain imaging and animal study literature. Future research is needed to identify further factors modulating the size of effects. As many of the studies reviewed were found to be at high risk of bias, we recommend that methods to reduce potential risk of bias be used in the design and conduct of future studies.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1664-1694Informations de copyright
© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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