Determination of the Force Required to Produce Stab "Wounds" in Fruit Compared With Cadaveric Chest Tissue.
Journal
The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology
ISSN: 1533-404X
Titre abrégé: Am J Forensic Med Pathol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8108948
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Dec 2022
01 Dec 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
20
5
2022
medline:
19
11
2022
entrez:
19
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In laymen's terms, it can be difficult to communicate how much force is needed to create a stab wound into a person's chest. Previous work has determined the force to puncture the skin, rib cartilage, or bone but without putting the results in terms that are easy to understand.The purpose of this study was to determine the force needed to puncture 3 types of fruit using 3 different types of knives, namely, a steak knife, a butcher's knife, and a lock-blade knife, to help put these previous results in perspective.There was wide variation in the force required to insert a knife into different fruits, but no force for any knife at any location for all fruits exceeded 93.1 N. Results show that force needed to penetrate the skin and allow for an 8-cm blade penetration into the chest is similar to the force required to insert a steak knife for a 6-cm distance into a cantaloupe. In addition, the force needed to penetrate the cartilage is most similar to stabbing a watermelon to 6 cm with a butcher knife. However, the forces required to penetrate the bone are greater than those required to penetrate any fruit with any type of blade.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35588165
doi: 10.1097/PAF.0000000000000766
pii: 00000433-202212000-00003
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
311-314Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors report no conflict of interest.
Références
Gitto L, Serinelli S, Werner FW, et al. Determination of force required to produce stab wounds in cadaveric chest tissues. Am J Forensic Med Pathol . 2021;42(4):318–323.
Jones S, Nokes L, Leadbeatter S. The mechanics of stab wounding. Forensic Sci Int . 1994;67(1):59–63.
Miller SA, Jones MD. Kinematics of four methods of stabbing: a preliminary study. Forensic Sci Int . 1996;82(2):183–190.
Gilchrist MD, Keenan S, Curtis M, et al. Measuring knife stab penetration into skin simulant using a novel biaxial tension device. Forensic Sci Int . 2008;177(1):52–65.
Hainsworth SV, Delaney RJ, Rutty GN. How sharp is sharp? Towards quantification of the sharpness and penetration ability of kitchen knives used in stabbings. Int J Leg Med . 2008;122(4):281–291.
Nolan G, Hainsworth SV, Rutty GN. Forces generated in stabbing attacks: an evaluation of the utility of the mild, moderate and severe scale. Int J Leg Med . 2018;132(1):229–236.
Chadwick EK, Nicol AC, Lane JV, et al. Biomechanics of knife stab attacks. Forensic Sci Int . 1999;105(1):35–44.