The Relationship Between Linoleic Acid Intake and Psychological Disorders in Adults.
anxiety
depression
linoleic acid intake
omega-6 fatty acids intake
psychological disorders
psychological distress
Journal
Frontiers in nutrition
ISSN: 2296-861X
Titre abrégé: Front Nutr
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101642264
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
22
12
2021
accepted:
11
04
2022
entrez:
23
5
2022
pubmed:
24
5
2022
medline:
24
5
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The association between linoleic acid (LA) intake and mental disorders has not been extensively studied in Middle-Eastern populations. We investigated the association between LA intake and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in a large group of Iranian adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,362 middle-aged adults. LA intake was determined through a validated dish-based 106-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used to define psychological disorders. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among the study population was 28.6, 13.6, and 22.6%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals in the top quartile of LA intake had 41% more likely to be depressed compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02-1.95). Stratified analysis by sex revealed that men in the fourth quartile of LA intake, compared to the first quartile, had 80% higher odds of depression, after considering all potential confounders (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.01-3.19). More consumption of LA was also associated with higher odds of depression in older adults (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.46-4.10) and normal-weight individuals (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13-2.72). Additionally, higher intake of LA was related to 90% higher odds of psychological distress in older participants (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.08-3.36). No significant relation was found between LA intake and anxiety. We found that higher intake of LA, as percentage of energy, was positively associated with depression, especially in men, older adults, and normal-weight subjects. Higher intake of LA was also related to higher odds of psychological distress in older individuals. More studies, particularly prospective cohorts, are needed to confirm these findings.
Sections du résumé
Background
UNASSIGNED
The association between linoleic acid (LA) intake and mental disorders has not been extensively studied in Middle-Eastern populations. We investigated the association between LA intake and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress in a large group of Iranian adults.
Methods
UNASSIGNED
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,362 middle-aged adults. LA intake was determined through a validated dish-based 106-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used to define psychological disorders.
Results
UNASSIGNED
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among the study population was 28.6, 13.6, and 22.6%, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals in the top quartile of LA intake had 41% more likely to be depressed compared to those in the bottom quartile (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02-1.95). Stratified analysis by sex revealed that men in the fourth quartile of LA intake, compared to the first quartile, had 80% higher odds of depression, after considering all potential confounders (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.01-3.19). More consumption of LA was also associated with higher odds of depression in older adults (OR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.46-4.10) and normal-weight individuals (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.13-2.72). Additionally, higher intake of LA was related to 90% higher odds of psychological distress in older participants (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.08-3.36). No significant relation was found between LA intake and anxiety.
Conclusion
UNASSIGNED
We found that higher intake of LA, as percentage of energy, was positively associated with depression, especially in men, older adults, and normal-weight subjects. Higher intake of LA was also related to higher odds of psychological distress in older individuals. More studies, particularly prospective cohorts, are needed to confirm these findings.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35600820
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.841282
pmc: PMC9120960
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
841282Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Mohammadi, Keshteli, Saneei, Afshar, Esmaillzadeh and Adibi.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Références
Arch Iran Med. 2012 Oct;15(10):648-9
pubmed: 23020542
Int J Prev Med. 2014 Jan;5(1):29-36
pubmed: 24554989
Public Health Nutr. 2014 May;17(5):1054-60
pubmed: 23701939
Mol Neurobiol. 2011 Oct;44(2):203-15
pubmed: 21279554
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000 Jan;57(1):21-7
pubmed: 10632229
Trends Immunol. 2006 Jan;27(1):24-31
pubmed: 16316783
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2004 May;109(5):355-75
pubmed: 15049772
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jun;93(6):1337-43
pubmed: 21471279
Pharmacol Rev. 2010 Jun;62(2):155-98
pubmed: 20392807
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;22(7):613-26
pubmed: 17236251
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009 Aug 31;33(6):972-7
pubmed: 19427349
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Jul;59(7):605-11
pubmed: 12090813
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2007 Oct;14(5):359-64
pubmed: 17940463
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Nov 13;1:66
pubmed: 14614778
Br J Nutr. 2016 Jul;116(2):335-42
pubmed: 27188471
Nutrition. 2020 Mar;71:110602
pubmed: 31837641
Br J Nutr. 2013 Jun;109(11):2059-66
pubmed: 23051591
Annu Rev Med. 2000;51:245-70
pubmed: 10774463
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2018 Apr;51(3):314-321
pubmed: 27853872
Br J Psychiatry. 2004 Jan;184:70-3
pubmed: 14702230
Psychosom Med. 2009 Feb;71(2):171-86
pubmed: 19188531
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;71(1 Suppl):179S-88S
pubmed: 10617969
Eat Weight Disord. 2007 Mar;12(1):35-40
pubmed: 17384528
Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Jan;103(1):201-9
pubmed: 26607943
Public Health Nutr. 2014 Nov;17(11):2554-62
pubmed: 24107233
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2015 Feb;18(1):103-11
pubmed: 25113319
Transl Psychiatry. 2017 Aug 29;7(8):e1220
pubmed: 28850110
Arch Intern Med. 2004 May 10;164(9):1010-4
pubmed: 15136311
Public Health Nutr. 2015 Feb;18(3):546-53
pubmed: 24717118
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1998 Sep;59(3):229-33
pubmed: 9844997
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Feb 18;100(4):1920-5
pubmed: 12578963
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2008 Jan 25;62:36-41
pubmed: 18268471
Psychol Med. 2013 May;43(5):897-910
pubmed: 22781489
Metabolism. 1998 May;47(5):566-72
pubmed: 9591748
Brain Sci. 2018 Aug 13;8(8):
pubmed: 30104506
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1997 Sep;36(3):229-36
pubmed: 9399425
Psychol Med. 2013 Mar;43(3):471-81
pubmed: 22831756
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005 May 20;136(1-2):29-37
pubmed: 15893584
J Lipid Res. 2005 Feb;46(2):269-80
pubmed: 15576848
Int J Epidemiol. 2014 Apr;43(2):476-93
pubmed: 24648481
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Jan;87:53-62
pubmed: 29040890
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Jul;112(7):1029-41, 1041.e1-15
pubmed: 22889633
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2003 Nov;58(6):P320-8
pubmed: 14614116
Am J Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;167(3):305-11
pubmed: 20048020
Lancet. 2005 Jun 4-10;365(9475):1961-70
pubmed: 15936426
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Apr 28;1:14
pubmed: 12816545
PLoS One. 2014 May 07;9(5):e96905
pubmed: 24805797
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2012 Mar;35(1):51-71
pubmed: 22370490
Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 Jun;59(6):1286-90
pubmed: 8198052
Pharmacol Ther. 2011 May;130(2):226-38
pubmed: 21334376
J Pediatr Health Care. 2018 Mar - Apr;32(2):e37-e44
pubmed: 29455855
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14(7):721-31
pubmed: 26786147
Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;190:112-7
pubmed: 17267926
Psychosom Med. 2011 Jul-Aug;73(6):483-90
pubmed: 21715296
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;62(12):1377-84
pubmed: 16330726
J Clin Psychiatry. 2004 May;65(5):634-51, quiz 730
pubmed: 15163249