Detection of sentinel lymph node in vulvar cancer using
Gynecologic surgical procedures
Sentinel lymph node
Surgical oncology
Vulvar neoplasms
Journal
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics
ISSN: 1432-0711
Titre abrégé: Arch Gynecol Obstet
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8710213
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2023
06 2023
Historique:
received:
06
03
2022
accepted:
27
04
2022
medline:
1
5
2023
pubmed:
25
5
2022
entrez:
24
5
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is widely accepted in the surgical staging of early vulvar cancer, although the most accurate method for its identification is not yet defined. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the technique with the highest pooled detection rate (DR) for the identification of SLN and compare the average number of SLNs detected by planar lymphoscintigraphy (PL), single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), blue dye and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence. The meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. The search string was: "sentinel" and "vulv*", with date restriction from 1st January 2010 until Dec 31st, 2020. Three investigators selected studies based on: (1) a study cohort or a subset of a minimum of 10 patients with vulvar cancer undergoing either PL, SPECT/CT, blue-dye, or ICG fluorescence for the identification of SLN; (2) the possibility to extrapolate the DR or the average number of SLNs detected by a single technique (3) no evidence of other malignancies in the patient history. A total of 30 studies were selected. In a per-patient and a per-groin analysis, the DR for SLN of PL was respectively 96.13% and 92.57%; for the blue dye was 90.44% and 66.21%; for the ICG, the DR was 91.90% and 94.80%. The pooled DR of SPECT/CT was not calculated, since only two studies were performed in this setting. At a patient-based analysis, no significant difference was documented among PL, blue dye, and ICG (p = 0.28). At a per-groin analysis, PL and ICG demonstrated a significantly higher DR compared to blue dye (p < 0.05). The average number of SLNs, on a per-patient analysis, was available only for PL and ICG with a median number of 2.61 and 1.78 lymph nodes detected, respectively, and no significant statistical difference. This meta-analysis favors the use of ICG and PL alone and in combination over blue dye for the identification of the SLN in vulvar cancer. Future studies may investigate whether the combined approach allows the highest DR of SLN in patients with vulvar cancer.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35608701
doi: 10.1007/s00404-022-06605-1
pii: 10.1007/s00404-022-06605-1
doi:
Substances chimiques
Indocyanine Green
IX6J1063HV
Coloring Agents
0
Radiopharmaceuticals
0
Types de publication
Meta-Analysis
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1677-1686Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Références
Siegel RL et al (2018) Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin 68:7–30
doi: 10.3322/caac.21442
pubmed: 29313949
Moher D et al (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6:e1000097
doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
pubmed: 19621072
pmcid: 2707599
Akrivos N et al (2011) Detection and credibility of sentinel node in vulvar cancer: a single institutional study and short review of literature. Arch Gynecol Obstet 284:1551–1556
doi: 10.1007/s00404-011-1884-z
pubmed: 21465249
Bogliolo S et al (2015) Sentinel node mapping with radiotracer alone in vulvar cancer: a five year single-centre experience and literature review. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 36:10–15
pubmed: 25872327
Boran N et al (2013) Sentinel lymph node detection and accuracy in vulvar cancer: experience of a tertiary center in Turkey. J Turkish German Gynecol Assoc 14:146–152
doi: 10.5152/jtgga.2013.26043
Brammen L et al (2014) Sentinel lymph node detection in vulvar cancer patients: a 20 years analysis. Hell J Nucl Med 17(3):184–189. https://doi.org/10.1967/s002449910143
doi: 10.1967/s002449910143
pubmed: 25397623
Coleman RL et al (2013) Is bilateral lymphadenectomy for midline squamous carcinoma of the vulva always necessary? An analysis from gynecologic oncology group (GOG) 173. Gynecol Oncol 128:155–159
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.11.034
pubmed: 23201592
Collarino A et al (2015) The use of SPECT/CT for anatomical mapping of lymphatic drainage in vulvar cancer: possible implications for the extent of inguinal lymph node dissection. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 42:2064–2071
doi: 10.1007/s00259-015-3127-1
pubmed: 26219869
Crane LM et al (2011) Intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence imaging for sentinel lymph node detection in vulvar cancer: first clinical results. Gynecol Oncol 120:291–295
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.10.009
pubmed: 21056907
Devaja O et al (2011) A prospective study of sentinel lymph node detection in vulval carcinoma: is it time for a change in clinical practice? Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:559–564
doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e3182119d8d
pubmed: 21430459
Ennik TA et al (2011) Effects of previous surgery on the detection of sentinel nodes in women with vulvar cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:1679–1683
doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e31822dbe3c
pubmed: 21997173
Froeding LP et al (2020) Recurrence and survival rates in node negative patients after sentinel node biopsy for early-stage vulva cancer—a nationwide study. Gynecol Oncol 156:124–130
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.10.024
pubmed: 31711658
García-Iglesias A et al (2012) Sentinel node disection in the treatment of early stages of vulvar cancer. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 33:151–154
pubmed: 22611953
Garganese G et al (2017) Groin sentinel node biopsy and (18)F-FDG PET/CT-supported preoperative lymph node assessment in cN0 patients with vulvar cancer currently unfit for minimally invasive inguinal surgery: the GroSNaPET study. Eur J Surg Oncol 43:1776–1783
doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2017.06.018
pubmed: 28751058
Jedryka MA et al (2020) Superparamagnetic iron oxide: a novel tracer for sentinel lymph node detection in vulvar cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 30(9):1280–1284. https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-001458
doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001458
pubmed: 32675253
Klapdor R et al (2015) SPECT/CT for SLN dissection in vulvar cancer: Improved SLN detection and dissection by preoperative three-dimensional anatomical localisation. Gynecol Oncol 138:590–596
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.06.011
pubmed: 26067332
Klar M et al (2011) Sentinel lymph node detection in patients with vulvar carcinoma; feasibility of intra-operative mapping with technetium-99m-labeled nanocolloid. Eur J Surg Oncol 37:818–823
doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2011.06.015
pubmed: 21782373
Mathéron HM et al (2013) Multimodal surgical guidance towards the sentinel node in vulvar cancer. Gynecol Oncol 131:720–725
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.09.007
pubmed: 24051219
Orta N et al (2020) Sentinel lymph node biopsy procedure in squamous vulvar cancer. 10 years follow-up analysis. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 39:360–6
pubmed: 32563714
Piatek S et al (2020) Retrospective analysis of the diagnostic effectiveness of the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in vulvar cancer. Ginekol Pol 91:379–382
doi: 10.5603/GP.2020.0079
pubmed: 32779158
Piechowicz M et al (2020) Metastatic and non-metastatic sentinel inguinofemoral lymph nodes in vulvar cancer show an increased lymphangiogenesis. Ann Agric Environl Med AAEM 27:123–128
doi: 10.26444/aaem/105925
Prader S et al (2020) Sentinel lymph node mapping with fluorescent and radioactive tracers in vulvar cancer patients. Arch Gynecol Obstet 301:729–736
doi: 10.1007/s00404-019-05415-2
pubmed: 32055954
Robison K et al (2014) Long-term follow-up of vulvar cancer patients evaluated with sentinel lymph node biopsy alone. Gynecol Oncol 133:416–420
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.03.010
pubmed: 24631445
Schaafsma BE et al (2013) Near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer: a randomised comparison of lymphatic tracers. BJOG 120:758–764
doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.12173
pubmed: 23418877
pmcid: 3622799
Soergel P et al (2017) Sentinel lymphadenectomy in vulvar cancer using near-infrared fluorescence from indocyanine green compared with technetium 99m nanocolloid. Int J Gynecol Cancer 27:805–812
doi: 10.1097/IGC.0000000000000996
pubmed: 28399034
Sykes P et al (2019) Pathological process has a crucial role in sentinel node biopsy for vulvar cancer. Gynecol Oncol 153:292–296
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.02.012
pubmed: 30814024
Underwood M et al (2013) The use of sentinel node sampling in vulval cancer. J Obstetrics Gynaecol 33:892–897
doi: 10.3109/01443615.2013.834301
van Doorn HC et al (2016) Repeat sentinel lymph node procedure in patients with recurrent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is feasible. Gynecol Oncol 140:415–419
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.01.013
pubmed: 26797295
Verbeek FP et al (2015) Sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulvar cancer using combined radioactive and fluorescence guidance. Int J Gynecol Cancer 25:1086–1093
doi: 10.1097/IGC.0000000000000419
pubmed: 25768079
pmcid: 4478233
Woelber L et al (2013) Secondary sentinel node biopsy after previous excision of the primary tumor in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Ann Surg Oncol 20:1701–1706
doi: 10.1245/s10434-012-2735-2
pubmed: 23132121
Zekan J et al (2012) Reliability of sentinel node assay in vulvar cancer: the first Croatian validation trial. Gynecol Oncol 126:99–102
doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.04.001
pubmed: 22503824
Lahtinen O et al (2018) Preoperative sentinel lymph node localization in vulvar cancer: preliminary experience with inguinal intradermal contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Eur Radiol 28:2089–2095
doi: 10.1007/s00330-017-5155-7
pubmed: 29189931
Levenback CF et al (2012) Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a gynecologic oncology group study. J Clin Oncol 30:3786–3791
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.41.2528
pubmed: 22753905
pmcid: 3478573
Broach V et al (2020) Evolution and outcomes of sentinel lymph node mapping in vulvar cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 30:383–386
doi: 10.1136/ijgc-2019-000936
pubmed: 32075896
pmcid: 7477673
Quartuccio N et al (2020) Comparison of (99m)Tc-labeled colloid SPECT/CT and planar lymphoscintigraphy in sentinel lymph node detection in patients with melanoma: a meta-analysis. J Clin Med 9(6):1680. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061680
doi: 10.3390/jcm9061680
Meads C et al (2014) Sentinel lymph node biopsy in vulval cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 110:2837–2846
doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.205
pubmed: 24867697
pmcid: 4056048