SARS-CoV-2: An Overview of the Genetic Profile and Vaccine Effectiveness of the Five Variants of Concern.
SARS-CoV-2
Spike protein
evolution
genetic variation
mutagenesis
Journal
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
Titre abrégé: Pathogens
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101596317
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
26 Apr 2022
26 Apr 2022
Historique:
received:
01
04
2022
revised:
21
04
2022
accepted:
25
04
2022
entrez:
28
5
2022
pubmed:
29
5
2022
medline:
29
5
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, enormous efforts have been made to understand the genus SARS-CoV-2. Due to the high rate of global transmission, mutations in the viral genome were inevitable. A full understanding of the viral genome and its possible changes represents one of the crucial aspects of pandemic management. Structural protein S plays an important role in the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, mutations occurring at this level leading to viral forms with increased affinity for ACE2 receptors, higher transmissibility and infectivity, resistance to neutralizing antibodies and immune escape, increasing the risk of infection and disease severity. Thus, five variants of concern are currently being discussed, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. In the present review, a comprehensive summary of the following critical aspects regarding SARS-CoV-2 has been made: (i) the genomic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2; (ii) the pathological mechanism of transmission, penetration into the cell and action on specific receptors; (iii) mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome; and (iv) possible implications of mutations in diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35631037
pii: pathogens11050516
doi: 10.3390/pathogens11050516
pmc: PMC9144800
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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