The distribution of sinoatrial nodal cells and their innervation in the pig.
cardiac conductive system
cardiac innervation
neurocardiology
sinoatrial node
Journal
Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
ISSN: 1932-8494
Titre abrégé: Anat Rec (Hoboken)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101292775
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2023
09 2023
Historique:
revised:
28
04
2022
received:
03
03
2022
accepted:
05
05
2022
medline:
11
8
2023
pubmed:
2
6
2022
entrez:
1
6
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The sinoatrial node (SAN) has been the object of interest of various studies. In experimental neurocardiology, the real challenge is the choice of the most appropriate animal model. Pig is routinely used animal due to its size and physiological features. Despite this, the anatomy and innervation of the pig SAN are not completely examined. This study analyses the distribution of SAN cells and their innervation in whole-mount preparations and the cross-sections of the pig right atrium. Our findings revealed the differences in the distribution of the SAN cells and their innervation pattern between pigs and other animals. The pig SAN myocytes were distributed around the root of the anterior vena cava. A meshwork of nerve fibers (NFs) in this area was four-fold denser compared to other right atrial areas and contained the adrenergic (positive for TH), cholinergic (positive for ChAT), nitrergic (positive for nNOS), and potentially sensory (positive for SP) NFs. The SAN area contained 98 ± 10 ganglia that involved 21 ± 2 neuronal somata per ganglion. The determined chemical phenotypes of ganglionic cells demonstrate their diversity in the pig SAN area as there were identified neuronal somata positive for ChAT, nNOS, TH, and simultaneously for ChAT/nNOS and ChAT/TH. Small intensively fluorescent cells were also abundant. The broad distribution of SAN cells, the chemical diversity, and the high density of neural components in the SAN area are comparable to the human one and, therefore, the pig may be considered as the appropriate animal model for experimental cardiology.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2333-2344Informations de copyright
© 2022 American Association for Anatomy.
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