Biomarkers of Tuberculous Meningitis and Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus on the African Continent.
HIV
biomarkers
blood plasma/serum
cerebrospinal fluid
inflammation
tuberculous meningitis
Journal
Frontiers in neurology
ISSN: 1664-2295
Titre abrégé: Front Neurol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101546899
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
11
10
2021
accepted:
29
04
2022
entrez:
6
6
2022
pubmed:
7
6
2022
medline:
7
6
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Biomarkers in body fluids are helpful objective tools in diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of (therapeutic) responses of many neurological diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are part of the diagnostic toolbox for infectious neurological diseases. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are important burdens of disease in Africa and can negatively affect brain health. Two thirds of the world's population of people living with HIV reside in sub-Saharan Africa and 25% of the global burden of tuberculosis (TB) is carried by the African continent. Neuroinflammation and damage of specific neuronal cell types are key constituents in the pathophysiology of these central nervous system (CNS) diseases, and important potential sources of circulating biomarkers. In this review, we summarize current research in the use of biomarkers in TBM and pediatric HIV as case demonstrations for high prevalence neurological diseases in Africa. Inflammatory molecules, primarily when detected in CSF, appear to have diagnostic value in these diseases, especially when measured as profiles. Brain injury molecules, such as S100, Neuron specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein may have prognostic value in TBM, but more studies are needed. There is a need for more cost-economic and high sensitivity technologies to drive further biomarker discoveries and translate into healthcare improvements for these important healthcare problems in a globally fair way.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35665032
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.793080
pmc: PMC9160376
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
793080Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 Teunissen, Rohlwink, Pajkrt and Naudé.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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