Effects of 4-hexylresorcinol administration on the submandibular glands in a growing rat model.
4-hexylresorcinol
Angiogenesis
Salivary gland
Testosterone
Journal
Head & face medicine
ISSN: 1746-160X
Titre abrégé: Head Face Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101245792
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 Jun 2022
06 Jun 2022
Historique:
received:
14
02
2022
accepted:
17
05
2022
entrez:
6
6
2022
pubmed:
7
6
2022
medline:
9
6
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is a food additive and class I histone deacetylase inhibitor. In this study, we examined the effects of 4HR administration on the submandibular gland in a growing rat model. Four-week-old rats were used in this study. The experimental group (nine males and eight females) received 12.8 mg/kg of 4HR weekly for 12 weeks. Ten rats (five males and five females) were used as controls. The submandibular glands of rats were collected 12 weeks after the first administration of 4HR. The weight of the glands was measured. Histological analysis, immunoprecipitation-high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC), and western blotting were performed. The weights of the rat submandibular glands were higher in the experimental groups than in the control group, especially in male rats (P < 0.05). The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and testosterone in the submandibular glands were more highly expressed in 4HR-treated male rats than in untreated rats, as detected by both western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The IP-HPLC results demonstrated that the expression levels of Ki67, epidermal growth factor, and testosterone in the submandibular glands were higher in 4HR-treated male rats than in untreated rats. This study demonstrated that the systemic administration of 4HR increased the weight of submandibular glands in male rats. In addition, the testosterone and VEGF expression levels in the submandibular glands increased owing to 4HR administration.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
4-Hexylresorcinol (4HR) is a food additive and class I histone deacetylase inhibitor. In this study, we examined the effects of 4HR administration on the submandibular gland in a growing rat model.
METHODS
METHODS
Four-week-old rats were used in this study. The experimental group (nine males and eight females) received 12.8 mg/kg of 4HR weekly for 12 weeks. Ten rats (five males and five females) were used as controls. The submandibular glands of rats were collected 12 weeks after the first administration of 4HR. The weight of the glands was measured. Histological analysis, immunoprecipitation-high-performance liquid chromatography (IP-HPLC), and western blotting were performed.
RESULTS
RESULTS
The weights of the rat submandibular glands were higher in the experimental groups than in the control group, especially in male rats (P < 0.05). The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and testosterone in the submandibular glands were more highly expressed in 4HR-treated male rats than in untreated rats, as detected by both western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The IP-HPLC results demonstrated that the expression levels of Ki67, epidermal growth factor, and testosterone in the submandibular glands were higher in 4HR-treated male rats than in untreated rats.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that the systemic administration of 4HR increased the weight of submandibular glands in male rats. In addition, the testosterone and VEGF expression levels in the submandibular glands increased owing to 4HR administration.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35668488
doi: 10.1186/s13005-022-00320-7
pii: 10.1186/s13005-022-00320-7
pmc: PMC9172157
doi:
Substances chimiques
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
0
Testosterone
3XMK78S47O
Hexylresorcinol
R9QTB5E82N
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
16Subventions
Organisme : Rural Development Administration
ID : PJ01562601
Organisme : Rural Development Administration
ID : PJ01562601
Organisme : Rural Development Administration
ID : PJ01562601
Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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