Ageism and Artificial Intelligence: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

age-related biases ageism algorithms artificial intelligence ethics gerontology health database human rights search strategy

Journal

JMIR research protocols
ISSN: 1929-0748
Titre abrégé: JMIR Res Protoc
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 101599504

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 Jun 2022
Historique:
received: 27 08 2021
accepted: 21 04 2022
revised: 11 04 2022
entrez: 9 6 2022
pubmed: 10 6 2022
medline: 10 6 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major driver of technological development in the 21st century, yet little attention has been paid to algorithmic biases toward older adults. This paper documents the search strategy and process for a scoping review exploring how age-related bias is encoded or amplified in AI systems as well as the corresponding legal and ethical implications. The scoping review follows a 6-stage methodology framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy has been established in 6 databases. We will investigate the legal implications of ageism in AI by searching grey literature databases, targeted websites, and popular search engines and using an iterative search strategy. Studies meet the inclusion criteria if they are in English, peer-reviewed, available electronically in full text, and meet one of the following two additional criteria: (1) include "bias" related to AI in any application (eg, facial recognition) and (2) discuss bias related to the concept of old age or ageism. At least two reviewers will independently conduct the title, abstract, and full-text screening. Search results will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guideline. We will chart data on a structured form and conduct a thematic analysis to highlight the societal, legal, and ethical implications reported in the literature. The database searches resulted in 7595 records when the searches were piloted in November 2021. The scoping review will be completed by December 2022. The findings will provide interdisciplinary insights into the extent of age-related bias in AI systems. The results will contribute foundational knowledge that can encourage multisectoral cooperation to ensure that AI is developed and deployed in a manner consistent with ethical values and human rights legislation as it relates to an older and aging population. We will publish the review findings in peer-reviewed journals and disseminate the key results with stakeholders via workshops and webinars. OSF Registries AMG5P; https://osf.io/amg5p. DERR1-10.2196/33211.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major driver of technological development in the 21st century, yet little attention has been paid to algorithmic biases toward older adults.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
This paper documents the search strategy and process for a scoping review exploring how age-related bias is encoded or amplified in AI systems as well as the corresponding legal and ethical implications.
METHODS METHODS
The scoping review follows a 6-stage methodology framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy has been established in 6 databases. We will investigate the legal implications of ageism in AI by searching grey literature databases, targeted websites, and popular search engines and using an iterative search strategy. Studies meet the inclusion criteria if they are in English, peer-reviewed, available electronically in full text, and meet one of the following two additional criteria: (1) include "bias" related to AI in any application (eg, facial recognition) and (2) discuss bias related to the concept of old age or ageism. At least two reviewers will independently conduct the title, abstract, and full-text screening. Search results will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guideline. We will chart data on a structured form and conduct a thematic analysis to highlight the societal, legal, and ethical implications reported in the literature.
RESULTS RESULTS
The database searches resulted in 7595 records when the searches were piloted in November 2021. The scoping review will be completed by December 2022.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
The findings will provide interdisciplinary insights into the extent of age-related bias in AI systems. The results will contribute foundational knowledge that can encourage multisectoral cooperation to ensure that AI is developed and deployed in a manner consistent with ethical values and human rights legislation as it relates to an older and aging population. We will publish the review findings in peer-reviewed journals and disseminate the key results with stakeholders via workshops and webinars.
TRIAL REGISTRATION BACKGROUND
OSF Registries AMG5P; https://osf.io/amg5p.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) UNASSIGNED
DERR1-10.2196/33211.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35679118
pii: v11i6e33211
doi: 10.2196/33211
pmc: PMC9227654
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

e33211

Subventions

Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom

Informations de copyright

©Charlene H Chu, Kathleen Leslie, Jiamin Shi, Rune Nyrup, Andria Bianchi, Shehroz S Khan, Samira Abbasgholizadeh Rahimi, Alexandra Lyn, Amanda Grenier. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 09.06.2022.

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Auteurs

Charlene H Chu (CH)

Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
KITE Research Institute - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Kathleen Leslie (K)

Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, Canada.
Canadian Health Workforce Network, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Jiamin Shi (J)

Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Rune Nyrup (R)

Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Andria Bianchi (A)

KITE Research Institute - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Clinical and Organizational Ethics, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Shehroz S Khan (SS)

KITE Research Institute - Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Samira Abbasgholizadeh Rahimi (SA)

Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Mila - Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Herzl Family Practice Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Alexandra Lyn (A)

Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, Canada.

Amanda Grenier (A)

Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Baycrest Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Classifications MeSH