Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study.

COVID-19 epidemiology intensive care units paediatric emergency medicine virology

Journal

Archives of disease in childhood
ISSN: 1468-2044
Titre abrégé: Arch Dis Child
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0372434

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
15 Jun 2022
Historique:
received: 18 11 2021
accepted: 28 03 2022
entrez: 15 6 2022
pubmed: 16 6 2022
medline: 16 6 2022
Statut: aheadofprint

Résumé

Bronchiolitis is the leading acute respiratory tract infection in infants during the winter season. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a reduction in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses has been registered. The present study aimed to describe the incidence and clinical features of bronchiolitis during the 2020-2021 winter season in a large cohort of children in Europe and Israel, and to clarify the role of SARS-CoV-2. We conducted a multicentre observational cross-sectional study in 23 paediatric emergency departments in Europe and Israel. Clinical and demographic data about all the cases of infants diagnosed with bronchiolitis from 1 October 2020 to 30 April 2021 were collected. For each enrolled patient, diagnostic tests, treatments and outcomes were reported. The main outcome was the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-positive bronchiolitis. Three hundred and fourteen infants received a diagnosis of bronchiolitis during the study period. Among 535 infants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 16 (3%) had bronchiolitis. Median age, male sex predominance, weight, history of prematurity and presence of comorbidities did not differ between the SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative groups. Rhinovirus was the most common involved pathogen, while respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in one case. SARS-CoV-2 bronchiolitis had a mild clinical course, with one patient receiving oxygen supplementation and none requiring paediatric or neonatal intensive care unit admission. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a marked decrease in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses and the disappearance of the RSV winter epidemic were observed. SARS-CoV-2-related bronchiolitis was rare and mostly displayed a mild clinical course.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Bronchiolitis is the leading acute respiratory tract infection in infants during the winter season. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a reduction in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses has been registered.
OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
The present study aimed to describe the incidence and clinical features of bronchiolitis during the 2020-2021 winter season in a large cohort of children in Europe and Israel, and to clarify the role of SARS-CoV-2.
SETTING, PATIENTS, INTERVENTIONS UNASSIGNED
We conducted a multicentre observational cross-sectional study in 23 paediatric emergency departments in Europe and Israel. Clinical and demographic data about all the cases of infants diagnosed with bronchiolitis from 1 October 2020 to 30 April 2021 were collected. For each enrolled patient, diagnostic tests, treatments and outcomes were reported.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES METHODS
The main outcome was the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2-positive bronchiolitis.
RESULTS RESULTS
Three hundred and fourteen infants received a diagnosis of bronchiolitis during the study period. Among 535 infants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, 16 (3%) had bronchiolitis. Median age, male sex predominance, weight, history of prematurity and presence of comorbidities did not differ between the SARS-CoV-2-positive and SARS-CoV-2-negative groups. Rhinovirus was the most common involved pathogen, while respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was detected in one case. SARS-CoV-2 bronchiolitis had a mild clinical course, with one patient receiving oxygen supplementation and none requiring paediatric or neonatal intensive care unit admission.
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a marked decrease in the number of bronchiolitis diagnoses and the disappearance of the RSV winter epidemic were observed. SARS-CoV-2-related bronchiolitis was rare and mostly displayed a mild clinical course.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35705371
pii: archdischild-2021-323559
doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-323559
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Investigateurs

Itai Shavit (I)
Federica Vanoni (F)
Alessandra Iacono (A)
Stefano Masi (S)
Emanuela Piccotti (E)
Anna Maria Plebani (AM)
Valentina Tranchino (V)
Gregorio Paolo Milani (GP)
Sara Pedicini (S)
Vered Nir (V)
Jelena Visekruna (J)

Informations de copyright

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: None declared.

Auteurs

Giorgio Cozzi (G)

IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.

Luisa Cortellazzo Wiel (L)

University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy luisacortellazzowiel@gmail.com.
Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK.

Alessandro Amaddeo (A)

IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.

Antonio Gatto (A)

Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Roma, Italy.

Manuela Giangreco (M)

IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.

Adi Klein-Kremer (A)

Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel.

Samantha Bosis (S)

Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.

Davide Silvagni (D)

Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.

Carla Debbia (C)

Istituto Giannina Gaslini Istituto Pediatrico di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Genova, Italy.

Laura Nanni (L)

Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Firenze, Italy.

Sara Chiappa (S)

Ospedale dei Bambini di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Marta Minute (M)

Ospedale Regionale Ca Foncello Treviso, Treviso, Italy.

Ilaria Corsini (I)

University Hospital of Bologna Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.

Giuliana Morabito (G)

Ospedale Santa Maria degli Angeli di Pordenone, Pordenone, Italy.

Anna Jolanda Gortan (AJ)

Azienda sanitaria universitaria Friuli Centrale, Udine, Italy.

Marco Colombo (M)

ASST Sette Laghi, Varese, Italy.

Federico Marchetti (F)

Ospedale Santa Maria delle Croci, Ravenna, Italy.

Davide Garelli (D)

Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy.

Arianna Piffer (A)

Regional Hospital of Bellinzona and Valli, Bellinzona, Switzerland.

Fabio Cardinale (F)

Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy.

Nitai Levy (N)

Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Haifa, Israel.

Antonietta Curatola (A)

Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.

Bojana Gojsina (B)

Institute for Health Protection of Mother and Child of Serbia 'Dr Vukan Cupic', Beograd, Serbia.
University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Beograd, Serbia.

Suvradeep Basu (S)

Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK.

Egidio Barbi (E)

IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Aleksandar Sovtic (A)

Institute for Health Protection of Mother and Child of Serbia 'Dr Vukan Cupic', Beograd, Serbia.
University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Beograd, Serbia.

Classifications MeSH