An interdisciplinary consensus on the management of brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma.


Journal

CA: a cancer journal for clinicians
ISSN: 1542-4863
Titre abrégé: CA Cancer J Clin
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370647

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2022
Historique:
revised: 28 03 2022
received: 08 12 2021
accepted: 11 04 2022
pubmed: 17 6 2022
medline: 9 9 2022
entrez: 16 6 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Brain metastases are a challenging manifestation of renal cell carcinoma. We have a limited understanding of brain metastasis tumor and immune biology, drivers of resistance to systemic treatment, and their overall poor prognosis. Current data support a multimodal treatment strategy with radiation treatment and/or surgery. Nonetheless, the optimal approach for the management of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma remains unclear. To improve patient care, the authors sought to standardize practical management strategies. They performed an unstructured literature review and elaborated on the current management strategies through an international group of experts from different disciplines assembled via the network of the International Kidney Cancer Coalition. Experts from different disciplines were administered a survey to answer questions related to current challenges and unmet patient needs. On the basis of the integrated approach of literature review and survey study results, the authors built algorithms for the management of single and multiple brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The literature review, consensus statements, and algorithms presented in this report can serve as a framework guiding treatment decisions for patients. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72:454-489.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35708940
doi: 10.3322/caac.21729
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

454-489

Subventions

Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA227156
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R21 CA220253
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA244975
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P50 CA101942
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P30 CA006516
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© 2022 The Authors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.

Références

Achrol AS, Rennert RC, Anders C, et al. Brain metastases. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5:5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-018-0055-y
Dudani S, de Velasco G, Wells JC, et al. Evaluation of clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma metastasis sites and association with survival. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2021869. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.21869
Motzer RJ, Tannir NM, McDermott DF, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:1277-1290. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1712126
Motzer RJ, Escudier B, McDermott DF, et al. Nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1803-1813. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1510665
Motzer RJ, Penkov K, Haanen J, et al. Avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1103-1115. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1816047
Rini BI, Plimack ER, Stus V, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380:1116-1127. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1816714
Choueiri TK, Powles T, Burotto M, et al. Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:829-841. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2026982
Motzer R, Alekseev B, Rha SY, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:1289-1300. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2035716
Hasanov E, Gao J, Tannir NM. The immunotherapy revolution in kidney cancer treatment: scientific rationale and first-generation results. Cancer J. 2020;26:419-431. https://doi.org/10.1097/PPO.0000000000000471
Flippot R, Dalban C, Laguerre B, et al. Safety and efficacy of nivolumab in brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma: results of the GETUG-AFU 26 NIVOREN multicenter phase II study. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:2008-2016. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.18.02218
Jonasch E, Hasanov E, Motzer RJ, et al. Evaluation of brain metastasis in JAVELIN Renal 101: efficacy of avelumab + axitinib (A+Ax) versus sunitinib (S) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(6 suppl):687. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.687
Tannir NM, Motzer RJ, Albiges L, et al. Patterns of progression in patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) versus sunitinib (SUN) for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) in CheckMate 214 [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2021;39(6 suppl):313. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2021.39.6_suppl.313
The International Kidney Cancer Coalition (IKCC). IKCC website; 2021. Accessed May 12, 2021. ikcc.org/
Le TC, Brugarolas J. The enrollment status of patients with brain metastases in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a query of ClinicalTrials.gov [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(15 suppl):e16070. 10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.e16070
Schouten LJ, Rutten J, Huveneers HA, Twijnstra A. Incidence of brain metastases in a cohort of patients with carcinoma of the breast, colon, kidney, and lung and melanoma. Cancer. 2002;94:2698-2705. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.10541
Bianchi M, Sun M, Jeldres C, et al. Distribution of metastatic sites in renal cell carcinoma: a population-based analysis. Ann Oncol. 2012;23:973-980. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdr362
Wyler L, Napoli CU, Ingold B, et al. Brain metastasis in renal cancer patients: metastatic pattern, tumour-associated macrophages and chemokine/chemoreceptor expression. Br J Cancer. 2014;110:686-694. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2013.755
Chandrasekar T, Klaassen Z, Goldberg H, Kulkarni GS, Hamilton RJ, Fleshner NE. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: patterns and predictors of metastases-a contemporary population-based series. Urol Oncol. 2017;35:661.e7-661.e14. 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.06.060
Cagney DN, Martin AM, Catalano PJ, et al. Incidence and prognosis of patients with brain metastases at diagnosis of systemic malignancy: a population-based study. Neuro Oncol. 2017;19:1511-1521. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/nox077
De Giorgi U, Carteni G, Giannarelli D, et al. Safety and efficacy of nivolumab for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: real-world results from an expanded access programme. BJU Int. 2019;123:98-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.14461
Suarez-Sarmiento A Jr, Nguyen KA, Syed JS, et al. Brain metastasis from renal-cell carcinoma: an institutional study. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019;17:e1163-e1170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2019.08.006
Sun M, De Velasco G, Brastianos PK, et al. The development of brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma: epidemiologic trends, survival, and clinical risk factors using a population-based cohort. Eur Urol Focus. 2019;5:474-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2017.12.007
Bowman IA, Bent A, Le T, et al. Improved survival outcomes for kidney cancer patients with brain metastases. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019;17:e263-e272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2018.11.007
Kotecha R, Redzematovic A, Motzer RJ, Voss MH. Rates of occult brain metastases in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): a cohort study from patients treated across 22 clinical trials [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(7 suppl):673. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2019.37.7_suppl.673
Hanzly M, Abbotoy D, Creighton T, Diorio G. Early identification of asymptomatic brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2015;32:783-788
Parmar A, Ghosh S, Lalani AKA, et al. Impact of early identification of brain metastases in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(6 suppl):620. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.620
Escudier B, Porta C, Schmidinger M, et al. Renal cell carcinoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2019;30:706-720. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz056
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). Kidney Cancer, Version 2.2020. Accessed May 12, 2020. nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/kidney.pdf
Long GV, Atkinson V, Lo S, et al. Combination nivolumab and ipilimumab or nivolumab alone in melanoma brain metastases: a multicentre randomised phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19:672-681. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30139-6
Margolin K, Ernstoff MS, Hamid O, et al. Ipilimumab in patients with melanoma and brain metastases: an open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13:459-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70090-6
Smits M. CNS involvement in non-CNS tumors. In: Barkhof F, Jager H, Thurner M, Rovira A, eds. Clinical Neuroradiology. Springer, Cham; 2019:1217-1247.
Garcia GCTE, Bockel S, Majer M, Ammari S, Smits M. Imaging of brain metastases: diagnosis and monitoring. In: Ahluwalia M, Metellus P, Soffietti R, eds. Central Nervous System Metastases. Springer, Cham; 2020:145-158.
Kim J, Kim MM, Starkey LJ. A primer on secondary brain neoplasms: the essentials. Semin Roentgenol. 2018;53:101-111. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ro.2017.11.008
Kaufmann TJ, Smits M, Boxerman J, et al. Consensus recommendations for a standardized brain tumor imaging protocol for clinical trials in brain metastases. Neuro Oncol. 2020;22:757-772.
Brufau BP, Cerqueda CS, Villalba LB, Izquierdo RS, Gonzalez BM, Molina CN. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: radiologic findings and assessment of response to targeted antiangiogenic therapy by using multidetector CT. Radiographics. 2013;33:1691-1716. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.336125110
Soffietti R, Chiavazza C, Ruda R. Imaging and clinical end points in brain metastases trials. CNS Oncol. 2017;6:243-246.
Lin NU, Lee EQ, Aoyama H, et al. Response assessment criteria for brain metastases: proposal from the RANO group. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:e270-e278.
Muto M, Frauenfelder G, Senese R, et al. Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion MRI in differential diagnosis between radionecrosis and neoangiogenesis in cerebral metastases using rCBV, rCBF and K2. Radiol Med. 2018;123:545-552. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-018-0866-7
Umemura Y, Wang D, Peck KK, et al. DCE-MRI perfusion predicts pseudoprogression in metastatic melanoma treated with immunotherapy. J Neurooncol. 2020;146:339-346. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-019-03379-6
Shah AD, Shridhar Konar A, Paudyal R, et al. Diffusion and perfusion MRI predicts response preceding and shortly after radiosurgery to brain metastases: a pilot study. J Neuroimaging. 2021;31:317-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.12828
Nienhuis PH, Antunes IF, Glaudemans A, et al. (18)F-BMS986192 PET imaging of PD-L1 in metastatic melanoma patients with brain metastases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. A pilot study. J Nucl Med. Published online September 9, 2021. 10.2967/jnumed.121.262368
Filizoglu N, Cetin IA, Kissa TN, Niftaliyeva K, Ones T. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT to distinguish brain metastasis of renal cell carcinoma from radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery. Clin Nucl Med. 2021;46:913-914. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000003820
Ceccon G, Lohmann P, Stoffels G, et al. Dynamic O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine positron emission tomography differentiates brain metastasis recurrence from radiation injury after radiotherapy. Neuro Oncol. 2017;19:281-288. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/now149
Chuang MT, Liu YS, Tsai YS, Chen YC, Wang CK. Differentiating radiation-induced necrosis from recurrent brain tumor using MR perfusion and spectroscopy: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0141438. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141438
Soffietti R, Abacioglu U, Baumert B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of brain metastases from solid tumors: guidelines from the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO). Neuro Oncol. 2017;19:162-174.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Version 1.2018. NCCN; 2018.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Brain Tumours (Primary) and Brain Metastases in Adults. NICE Guideline (NG99). NICE; 2018.
Lehrer EJ, Gurewitz J, Bernstein K, et al. Radiation necrosis in renal cell carcinoma brain metastases treated with checkpoint inhibitors and radiosurgery: an international multicenter study. Cancer. 2022;128:1429-1438. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34087
Uezono H, Nam D, Kluger HM, et al. Outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery and immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastases. Am J Clin Oncol. 2021;44:495-501. https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000000849
Di Giacomo AM, Valente M, Cerase A, et al. Immunotherapy of brain metastases: breaking a “dogma.” J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38:419. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1426-2
Okada H, Weller M, Huang R, et al. Immunotherapy response assessment in neuro-oncology: a report of the RANO working group. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:e534-e542. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00088-1
Yilmaz M. Atypical response patterns in metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients treated with nivolumab: a single center experience. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2021;27:1106-1111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078155220949642
Wong A, Vellayappan B, Cheng L, et al. Atypical response patterns in renal cell carcinoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors-navigating the radiologic potpourri. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13:1689. 10.3390/cancers13071689
Soria F, Beleni AI, D'Andrea D, et al. Pseudoprogression and hyperprogression during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for urothelial and kidney cancer. World J Urol. 2018;36:1703-1709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-018-2264-0
Simard JL, Smith M, Chandra S. Pseudoprogression of melanoma brain metastases. Curr Oncol Rep. 2018;20:91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-018-0722-x
Patel AR, Connors S, Wardak Z, Brugarolas J, Patel TR. Inflammatory reaction secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy mimicking a post-operative brain abscess. World Neurosurg. 2019;129:354-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.024
Kanai O, Fujita K, Okamura M, Nakatani K, Mio T. Severe exacerbation or manifestation of primary disease related to nivolumab in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with poor performance status or brain metastases. Ann Oncol. 2016;27:1354-1356. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdw148
Galldiks N, Kocher M, Ceccon G, et al. Imaging challenges of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in patients with brain metastases: response, progression, and pseudoprogression. Neuro Oncol. 2020;22:17-30. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz147
El-Mokadem I, Fitzpatrick J, Bondad J, et al. Chromosome 9p deletion in clear cell renal cell carcinoma predicts recurrence and survival following surgery. Br J Cancer. 2014;111:1381-1390. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.420
La Rochelle J, Klatte T, Dastane A, et al. Chromosome 9p deletions identify an aggressive phenotype of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2010;116:4696-4702. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25279
Turajlic S, Xu H, Litchfield K, et al. Tracking cancer evolution reveals constrained routes to metastases: TRACERx Renal. Cell. 2018;173:581-594.e12. 10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.057
Rubin SM, Sage J, Skotheim JM. Integrating old and new paradigms of G1/S control. Mol Cell. 2020;80:183-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2020.08.020
Brastianos PK, Carter SL, Santagata S, et al. Genomic characterization of brain metastases reveals branched evolution and potential therapeutic targets. Cancer Discov. 2015;5:1164-1177. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-15-0369
Dono A, Takayasu T, Yan Y, et al. Differences in genomic alterations between brain metastases and primary tumors. Neurosurgery. 2021;88:592-602. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyaa471
Fukumura K, Malgulwar PB, Fischer GM, et al. Multi-omic molecular profiling reveals potentially targetable abnormalities shared across multiple histologies of brain metastasis. Acta Neuropathol. 2021;141:303-321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-020-02256-1
Fischer GM, Jalali A, Kircher DA, et al. Molecular profiling reveals unique immune and metabolic features of melanoma brain metastases. Cancer Discov. 2019;9:628-645. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-18-1489
Adamo B, Deal AM, Burrows E, et al. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway activation in breast cancer brain metastases. Breast Cancer Res. 2011;13:R125. https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr3071
Chen G, Chakravarti N, Aardalen K, et al. Molecular profiling of patient-matched brain and extracranial melanoma metastases implicates the PI3K pathway as a therapeutic target. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20:5537-5546. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3003
Davies MA, Stemke-Hale K, Lin E, et al. Integrated molecular and clinical analysis of AKT activation in metastatic melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2009;15:7538-7546. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-1985
Cerniglia GJ, Dey S, Gallagher-Colombo SM, et al. The PI3K/Akt pathway regulates oxygen metabolism via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)-E1α phosphorylation. Mol Cancer Ther. 2015;14:1928-1938. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0888
Chen YH, Su CC, Deng W, et al. Mitochondrial Akt signaling modulated reprogramming of somatic cells. Sci Rep. 2019;9:9919. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46359-6
Shaik ZP, Fifer EK, Nowak G. Akt activation improves oxidative phosphorylation in renal proximal tubular cells following nephrotoxicant injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2008;294:F423-F432. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00463.2007
Katz R, Hamilton JA, Pownall HJ, et al. Brain uptake and utilization of fatty acids, lipids & lipoproteins: recommendations for future research. J Mol Neurosci. 2007;33:146-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-007-0059-7
Watts ME, Pocock R, Claudianos C. Brain energy and oxygen metabolism: emerging role in normal function and disease. Front Mol Neurosci. 2018;11:216. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2018.00216
Motzer RJ, Hutson TE, Glen H, et al. Lenvatinib, everolimus, and the combination in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomised, phase 2, open-label, multicentre trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16:1473-1482. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00290-9
Juloori A, Miller JA, Parsai S, et al. Overall survival and response to radiation and targeted therapies among patients with renal cell carcinoma brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 2019;132:188-196. https://doi.org/10.3171/2018.8.JNS182100
Derosa L, Le Teuff G, Khordahi M, et al. Inter and intra-tumor heterogeneity of PD-L1 and MET expression in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(15 suppl):4569. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.35.15_suppl.4569
Huang X, Li E, Shen H, et al. Targeting the HGF/MET axis in cancer therapy: challenges in resistance and opportunities for improvement. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:152. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00152
Silva Paiva R, Gomes I, Casimiro S, Fernandes I, Costa L. c-Met expression in renal cell carcinoma with bone metastases. J Bone Oncol. 2020;25:100315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbo.2020.100315
Choueiri TK, Escudier B, Powles T, et al. Cabozantinib versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1814-1823. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1510016
Choueiri TK, Halabi S, Sanford BL, et al. Cabozantinib versus sunitinib as initial targeted therapy for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma of poor or intermediate risk: the Alliance A031203 CABOSUN Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:591-597. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.70.7398
Andre F, Cabioglu N, Assi H, et al. Expression of chemokine receptors predicts the site of metastatic relapse in patients with axillary node positive primary breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2006;17:945-951. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdl053
Liang Z, Wu T, Lou H, et al. Inhibition of breast cancer metastasis by selective synthetic polypeptide against CXCR4. Cancer Res. 2004;64:4302-4308. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3958
Pan J, Burdick MD, Belperio JA, et al. CXCR3/CXCR3 ligand biological axis impairs RENCA tumor growth by a mechanism of immunoangiostasis. J Immunol. 2006;176:1456-14564. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.176.3.1456
Pan J, Mestas J, Burdick MD, et al. Stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) and CXCR4 in renal cell carcinoma metastasis. Mol Cancer. 2006;5:56. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-4598-5-56
Staller P, Sulitkova J, Lisztwan J, Moch H, Oakeley EJ, Krek W. Chemokine receptor CXCR4 downregulated by von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor pVHL. Nature. 2003;425:307-311. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01874
Salmaggi A, Maderna E, Calatozzolo C, et al. CXCL12, CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression in brain metastases. Cancer Biol Ther. 2009;8:1608-1614. https://doi.org/10.4161/cbt.8.17.9202
Steindl A, Alpar D, Heller G, et al. Tumor mutational burden and immune infiltrates in renal cell carcinoma and matched brain metastases. ESMO Open. 2021;6:100057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100057
Zhang X, Yin X, Zhang H, et al. Differential expressions of PD-1, PD-L1 and PD-L2 between primary and metastatic sites in renal cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2019;19:360. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-019-5578-4
Martin AM, Cagney DN, Catalano PJ, et al. Immunotherapy and symptomatic radiation necrosis in patients with brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiation. JAMA Oncol. 2018;4:1123-1124. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3993
Lehrer EJ, Peterson J, Brown PD, et al. Treatment of brain metastases with stereotactic radiosurgery and immune checkpoint inhibitors: an international meta-analysis of individual patient data. Radiother Oncol. 2019;130:104-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2018.08.025
Verma J, Jonasch E, Allen PK, et al. The impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the multimodality treatment of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Oncol. 2013;36:620-624. https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0b013e31825d59db
Barata PC, Mendiratta P, Kotecha R, et al. Effect of switching systemic treatment after stereotactic radiosurgery for oligoprogressive, metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2018;16:413-419.e1. 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.07.018
Kim DW, Mehra R, Tan DSW, et al. Activity and safety of ceritinib in patients with ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (ASCEND-1): updated results from the multicentre, open-label, phase 1 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17:452-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00614-2
Reungwetwattana T, Nakagawa K, Cho BC, et al. CNS response to osimertinib versus standard epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with untreated EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36:3290-3297. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.78.3118
Chevreau C, Ravaud A, Escudier B, et al. A phase II trial of sunitinib in patients with renal cell cancer and untreated brain metastases. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2014;12:50-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2013.09.008
Peverelli G, Raimondi A, Ratta R, et al. Cabozantinib in renal cell carcinoma with brain metastases: safety and efficacy in a real-world population. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019;17:291-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2019.05.002
Hirsch L, Chanza NM, Farah S, et al. Clinical activity and safety of cabozantinib for brain metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma. JAMA Oncol. 2021;7:1815-1823. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.4544
Cochran DC, Chan MD, Aklilu M, et al. The effect of targeted agents on outcomes in patients with brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma treated with gamma knife surgery. J Neurosurg. 2012;116:978-983. https://doi.org/10.3171/2012.2.JNS111353
Seastone DJ, Elson P, Garcia JA, et al. Clinical outcome of stereotactic radiosurgery for central nervous system metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2014;12:111-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2013.10.001
Bates JE, Youn P, Peterson CR 3rd, et al. Radiotherapy for brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma in the targeted therapy era: the University of Rochester Experience. Am J Clin Oncol. 2017;40:439-443. https://doi.org/10.1097/COC.0000000000000186
Johnson AG, Ruiz J, Hughes R, et al. Impact of systemic targeted agents on the clinical outcomes of patients with brain metastases. Oncotarget. 2015;6:18945-18955. 10.18632/oncotarget.4153
Klausner G, Troussier I, Biau J, et al. Stereotactic radiation therapy for renal cell carcinoma brain metastases in the tyrosine kinase inhibitors era: outcomes of 120 patients. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019;17:191-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2019.02.007
Massard C, Zonierek J, Gross-Goupil M, Fizazi K, Szczylik C, Escudier B. Incidence of brain metastases in renal cell carcinoma treated with sorafenib. Ann Oncol. 2010;21:1027-1031. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdp411
Vogl UM, Bojic M, Lamm W, et al. Extracerebral metastases determine the outcome of patients with brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2010;10:480. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-10-480
Khan M, Zhao Z, Arooj S, Liao G. Impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) combined with radiation therapy for the management of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol. 2020;10:1246. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.01246
Bastos DA, Molina AM, Hatzoglou V, et al. Safety and efficacy of targeted therapy for renal cell carcinoma with brain metastasis. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2015;13:59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2014.06.002
Klempner SJ, Borghei A, Hakimian B, Ali SM, Ou SI. Intracranial activity of cabozantinib in MET exon 14-positive NSCLC with brain metastases. J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12:152-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2016.09.127
Negrier S, Moriceau G, Attignon V, et al. Activity of cabozantinib in radioresistant brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma: two case reports. J Med Case Rep. 2018;12:351. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-018-1875-9
Uche A, Sila C, Tanoura T, et al. Brain complete response to cabozantinib prior to radiation therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Case Rep Urol. 2019;2019:6769017. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6769017
Ciccarese C, Iacovelli R, Mosillo C, Tortora G. Exceptional response to cabozantinib of rapidly evolving brain metastases of renal cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2018;16:e1069-e1071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2018.06.005
Rini BI, Motzer RJ, Powles T, et al. Atezolizumab (atezo) + bevacizumab (bev) versus sunitinib (sun) in pts with untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and sarcomatoid (sarc) histology: IMmotion151 subgroup analysis [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(15 suppl):4512. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.4512
Lampson LA. Monoclonal antibodies in neuro-oncology: getting past the blood-brain barrier. MAbs. 2011;3:153-160. https://doi.org/10.4161/mabs.3.2.14239
Ratnam NM, Gilbert MR, Giles AJ. Immunotherapy in CNS cancers: the role of immune cell trafficking. Neuro Oncol. 2019;21:37-46. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noy084
Jacobs JF, Idema AJ, Bol KF, et al. Regulatory T cells and the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway mediate immune suppression in malignant human brain tumors. Neuro Oncol. 2009;11:394-402. https://doi.org/10.1215/15228517-2008-104
Petrelli F, Signorelli D, Ghidini M, et al. Association of steroids use with survival in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12:546. 10.3390/cancers12030546
Kluger HM, Chiang V, Mahajan A, et al. Long-term survival of patients with melanoma with active brain metastases treated with pembrolizumab on a phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:52-60. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.18.00204
Tawbi HA, Forsyth PA, Algazi A, et al. Combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in melanoma metastatic to the brain. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:722-730. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1805453
Tawbi HAH, Forsyth PAJ, Hodi FS, et al. Efficacy and safety of the combination of nivolumab (NIVO) plus ipilimumab (IPI) in patients with symptomatic melanoma brain metastases (CheckMate 204) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37 (15 suppl):9501. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.9501
Goldberg SB, Schalper KA, Gettinger SN, et al. Pembrolizumab for management of patients with NSCLC and brain metastases: long-term results and biomarker analysis from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21:655-663. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30111-X
Emamekhoo H, Olsen MR, Carthon BC, et al. Safety and efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma with brain metastases: CheckMate 920. Cancer. 2022;128:966-974. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34016
Emamekhoo H, Olsen M, Carthon BC, et al. Safety and efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) with brain metastases: interim analysis of CheckMate 920 [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(15 suppl):4517. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2019.37.15_suppl.4517
Bracarda S, Galli L, Maruzzo M, et al. Negative prognostic factors and resulting clinical outcome in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma included in the Italian nivolumab-expanded access program. Future Oncol. 2018;14:1347-1354. https://doi.org/10.2217/fon-2017-0570
Lauko A, Thapa B, Jia X, Ahluwalia MS. Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with brain metastasis from NSCLC, RCC, and melanoma [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(5 suppl):214. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.36.5_suppl.214
Brown LC, Desai K, Kao C, et al. A multicenter retrospective study to evaluate real-world clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and brain metastasis treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab [abstract]. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(6 suppl):637. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2020.38.6_suppl.637
Chen L, Douglass J, Kleinberg L, et al. Concurrent immune checkpoint inhibitors and stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018;100:916-925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.11.041
Travis RL, Marcrom SR, Brown MH, et al. Control and toxicity in melanoma versus other brain metastases in response to combined radiosurgery and PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibition. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2021;6:100561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adro.2020.08.017
Lang FF, Wildrick DM, Sawaya R. Management of cerebral metastases: the role of surgery. Cancer Control. 1998;5:124-129. https://doi.org/10.1177/107327489800500203
Hassaneen W, Suki D, Salaskar AL, et al. Surgical management of lateral-ventricle metastases: report of 29 cases in a single-institution experience. J Neurosurg. 2010;112:1046-1055. https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.7.JNS09571
Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Walsh JW, et al. A randomized trial of surgery in the treatment of single metastases to the brain. N Engl J Med. 1990;322:494-500. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199002223220802
Galicich JH, Sundaresan N, Arbit E, Passe S. Surgical treatment of single brain metastasis: factors associated with survival. Cancer. 1980;45:381-386. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19800115)45:2<381::aid-cncr2820450232>3.0.co;2-j
Suki D, Hatiboglu MA, Patel AJ, et al. Comparative risk of leptomeningeal dissemination of cancer after surgery or stereotactic radiosurgery for a single supratentorial solid tumor metastasis. Neurosurgery. 2009;64:664-674; discussion 674-676. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000341535.53720.3E
Sperduto PW, Deegan BJ, Li J, et al. Estimating survival for renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastases: an update of the Renal Graded Prognostic Assessment tool. Neuro Oncol. 2018;20:1652-1660. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noy099
Alt AL, Boorjian SA, Lohse CM, Costello BA, Leibovich BC, Blute ML. Survival after complete surgical resection of multiple metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2011;117:2873-2882. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25836
Crisman CM, Patel AR, Winston G, Brennan CW, Tabar V, Moss NS. Clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma metastases to the choroid plexus. World Neurosurg. 2020;140:e7-e13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.125
Vecil GG, Lang FF. Surgical resection of metastatic intraventricular tumors. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2003;14:593-606. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1042-3680(03)00056-1
Farnia B, Voong KR, Brown PD, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for intraventricular brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 2014;121:26-34. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.8.Gks141354
Vecht CJ, Haaxma-Reiche H, Noordijk EM, et al. Treatment of single brain metastasis: radiotherapy alone or combined with neurosurgery? Ann Neurol. 1993;33:583-590. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410330605
Mintz AH, Kestle J, Rathbone MP, et al. A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of surgery in addition to radiotherapy in patients with a single cerebral metastasis. Cancer. 1996;78:1470-1476. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19961001)78:7<1470::aid-cncr14>3.0.co;2-x
Patchell RA, Tibbs PA, Regine WF, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of single metastases to the brain: a randomized trial. JAMA. 1998;280:1485-1489. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.17.1485
Shi S, Sandhu N, Jin MC, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for resected brain metastases: single-institutional experience of over 500 cavities. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2020;106:764-771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.022
Minniti G, Esposito V, Clarke E, et al. Multidose stereotactic radiosurgery (9 Gy × 3) of the postoperative resection cavity for treatment of large brain metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol. 2013;86:623-629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.03.037
Mahajan A, Ahmed S, McAleer MF, et al. Post-operative stereotactic radiosurgery versus observation for completely resected brain metastases: a single-centre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18:1040-1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30414-X
Brown PD, Ballman KV, Cerhan JH, et al. Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery compared with whole brain radiotherapy for resected metastatic brain disease (NCCTG N107C/CEC·3): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18:1049-1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30441-2
Routman DM, Yan E, Vora S, et al. Preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases. Front Neurol. 2018;9:959. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00959
Prabhu RS, Patel KR, Press RH, et al. Preoperative vs postoperative radiosurgery for resected brain metastases: a review. Neurosurgery. 2019;84:19-29. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyy146
Prabhu RS, Dhakal R, Vaslow ZK, et al. Preoperative radiosurgery for resected brain metastases: the PROPS-BM multicenter cohort study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2021;111:764-772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.05.124
Patel KR, Burri SH, Asher AL, et al. Comparing preoperative with postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for resectable brain metastases: a multi-institutional analysis. Neurosurgery. 2016;79:279-285. https://doi.org/10.1227/NEU.0000000000001096
Andrews DW, Scott CB, Sperduto PW, et al. Whole brain radiation therapy with or without stereotactic radiosurgery boost for patients with one to three brain metastases: phase III results of the RTOG 9508 randomised trial. Lancet. 2004;363:1665-1672. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16250-8
Wardak Z, Christie A, Bowman A, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for multiple brain metastases from renal-cell carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019;17:e273-e280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2018.11.006
Kocher M, Soffietti R, Abacioglu U, et al. Adjuvant whole-brain radiotherapy versus observation after radiosurgery or surgical resection of one to three cerebral metastases: results of the EORTC 22952-26001 study. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:134-141. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.30.1655
Muacevic A, Kreth FW, Horstmann GA, et al. Surgery and radiotherapy compared with gamma knife radiosurgery in the treatment of solitary cerebral metastases of small diameter. J Neurosurg. 1999;91:35-43. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1999.91.1.0035
Wagner AE, Chen A, Anker CJ, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for a single brain metastasis: factors impacting control. J Radiosurg SBRT. 2014;3:111-121.
Minniti G, Scaringi C, Paolini S, et al. Single-fraction versus multifraction (3 × 9 Gy) stereotactic radiosurgery for large (>2 cm) brain metastases: a comparative analysis of local control and risk of radiation-induced brain necrosis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2016;95:1142-1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.03.013
Bindal AK, Bindal RK, Hess KR, et al. Surgery versus radiosurgery in the treatment of brain metastasis. J Neurosurg. 1996;84:748-754. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1996.84.5.0748
Auchter RM, Lamond JP, Alexander E, et al. A multiinstitutional outcome and prognostic factor analysis of radiosurgery for resectable single brain metastasis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;35:27-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(96)85008-5
Muacevic A, Wowra B, Siefert A, Tonn JC, Steiger HJ, Kreth FW. Microsurgery plus whole brain irradiation versus gamma knife surgery alone for treatment of single metastases to the brain: a randomized controlled multicentre phase III trial. J Neurooncol. 2008;87:299-307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-007-9510-4
Al-Shamy G, Sawaya R. Management of brain metastases: the indispensable role of surgery. J Neurooncol. 2009;92:275-282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-009-9839-y
O'Beirn M, Benghiat H, Meade S, et al. The expanding role of radiosurgery for brain metastases. Medicines (Basel). 2018;5:90. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines5030090
Mengue L, Bertaut A, Ngo Mbus L, et al. Brain metastases treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy: 8 years’ experience after Cyberknife installation. Radiat Oncol. 2020;15:82. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-020-01517-3
Bastos DCA, Rao G, Oliva ICG, et al. Predictors of local control of brain metastasis treated with laser interstitial thermal therapy. Neurosurgery. 2020;87:112-122. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyz357
Carpentier A, McNichols RJ, Stafford RJ, et al. Real-time magnetic resonance-guided laser thermal therapy for focal metastatic brain tumors. Neurosurgery. 2008;63(1 suppl 1):ONS21-ONS28; discussion ONS28-ONS29. 10.1227/01.neu.0000335007.07381.df
Shah AH, Semonche A, Eichberg DG, et al. The role of laser interstitial thermal therapy in surgical neuro-oncology: series of 100 consecutive patients. Neurosurgery. 2020;87:266-275. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyz424
Hong CS, Deng D, Vera A, Chiang VL. Laser-interstitial thermal therapy compared to craniotomy for treatment of radiation necrosis or recurrent tumor in brain metastases failing radiosurgery. J Neurooncol. 2019;142:309-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-019-03097-z
Bastos DCA, Fuentes DT, Traylor J, et al. The use of laser interstitial thermal therapy in the treatment of brain metastases: a literature review. Int J Hyperthermia. 2020;37:53-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2020.1748238
El Ali Z, Rottey S, Barthelemy P, et al. Brain metastasis and renal cell carcinoma: prognostic scores assessment in the era of targeted therapies. Anticancer Res. 2019;39:2993-3002. 10.21873/anticanres.13431
Shuch B, La Rochelle JC, Klatte T, et al. Brain metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: presentation, recurrence, and survival. Cancer. 2008;113:1641-1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23769
Choi SY, Yoo S, You D, et al. Prognostic factors for survival of patients with synchronous or metachronous brain metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2017;15:717-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clgc.2017.05.010
Bindal RK, Sawaya R, Leavens ME, Lee JJ. Surgical treatment of multiple brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 1993;79:210-216. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1993.79.2.0210
Paek SH, Audu PB, Sperling MR, Cho J, Andrews DW. Reevaluation of surgery for the treatment of brain metastases: review of 208 patients with single or multiple brain metastases treated at one institution with modern neurosurgical techniques. Neurosurgery. 2005;56:1021-1034; discussion 1021-1034.
Stark AM, Tscheslog H, Buhl R, Held-Feindt J, Mehdorn HM. Surgical treatment for brain metastases: prognostic factors and survival in 177 patients. Neurosurg Rev. 2005;28:115-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10143-004-0364-3
Pollock BE, Brown PD, Foote RL, Stafford SL, Schomberg PJ. Properly selected patients with multiple brain metastases may benefit from aggressive treatment of their intracranial disease. J Neurooncol. 2003;61:73-80. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1021262218151
Kayama T, Sato S, Sakurada K, et al. Effects of surgery with salvage stereotactic radiosurgery versus surgery with whole-brain radiation therapy in patients with one to four brain metastases (JCOG0504): a phase III, noninferiority, randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36:3282-3289. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2018.78.6186
Yamamoto M, Serizawa T, Shuto T, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with multiple brain metastases (JLGK0901): a multi-institutional prospective observational study. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:387-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70061-0
Goyal LK, Suh JH, Reddy CA, Barnett GH. The role of whole brain radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery on brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000;47:1007-1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00536-8
Cannady SB, Cavanaugh KA, Lee SY, et al. Results of whole brain radiotherapy and recursive partitioning analysis in patients with brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2004;58:253-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(03)00818-6
Brown PD, Gondi V, Pugh S, et al. Hippocampal avoidance during whole-brain radiotherapy plus memantine for patients with brain metastases: phase III trial NRG Oncology CC001. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:1019-1029. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.02767
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Central Nervous System Cancers. Accessed December 14, 2020. nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cns.pdf
Matsui Y. Current multimodality treatments against brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Cancers (Basel). 2020;12:2875. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12102875
Smith TR, Lall RR, Lall RR, et al. Survival after surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with multiple intracranial metastases: results of a single-center retrospective study. J Neurosurg. 2014;121:839-845. https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.4.JNS13789
Lehrer EJ, Peterson JL, Zaorsky NG, et al. Single versus multifraction stereotactic radiosurgery for large brain metastases: an international meta-analysis of 24 trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2019;103:618-630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.10.038
Brown PD, Pugh S, Laack NN, et al. Memantine for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neuro Oncol. 2013;15:1429-1437. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/not114
Gondi V, Deshmukh S, Brown PD, et al. Preservation of neurocognitive function (NCF) with conformal avoidance of the hippocampus during whole-brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT) for brain metastases: preliminary results of phase III trial NRG Oncology CC001 [abstract]. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018;102:1607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.08.056
Pease NJ, Edwards A, Moss LJ. Effectiveness of whole brain radiotherapy in the treatment of brain metastases: a systematic review. Palliat Med. 2005;19:288-299. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269216305pm1017oa
Miyazawa K, Shikama N, Okazaki S, Koyama T, Takahashi T, Kato S. Predicting prognosis of short survival time after palliative whole-brain radiotherapy. J Radiat Res. 2018;59:43-49. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrx058
Aoyama H, Shirato H, Tago M, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery plus whole-brain radiation therapy vs stereotactic radiosurgery alone for treatment of brain metastases: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2006;295:2483-2491. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.21.2483
de Azevedo Santos TR, Tundisi CF, Ramos H, et al. Local control after radiosurgery for brain metastases: predictive factors and implications for clinical decision. Radiat Oncol. 2015;10:63. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-015-0367-y
Wiggenraad R, Verbeek-de Kanter A, Kal HB, Taphoorn M, Vissers T, Struikmans H. Dose-effect relation in stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases. A systematic review. Radiother Oncol. 2011;98:292-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2011.01.011
Akanda ZZ, Hong W, Nahavandi S, Haghighi N, Phillips C, Kok DL. Post-operative stereotactic radiosurgery following excision of brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiother Oncol. 2020;142:27-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2019.08.024
Brown PD, Jaeckle K, Ballman KV, et al. Effect of radiosurgery alone vs radiosurgery with whole brain radiation therapy on cognitive function in patients with 1 to 3 brain metastases: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;316:401-409. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.9839
Ghia AJ, Tward JD, Anker CJ, Boucher KM, Jensen RL, Shrieve DC. Radiosurgery for melanoma brain metastases: the impact of hemorrhage on local control. J Radiosurg SBRT. 2014;3:43-50.
Steinvorth S, Wenz F, Wildermuth S, et al. Cognitive function in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations after radiosurgery: prospective long-term follow-up. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;54:1430-1437. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03800-2
Shaw E, Scott C, Souhami L, et al. Radiosurgery for the treatment of previously irradiated recurrent primary brain tumors and brain metastases: initial report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group protocol (90-05). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1996;34:647-654. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(95)02106-x
Levin VA, Bidaut L, Hou P, et al. Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of bevacizumab therapy for radiation necrosis of the central nervous system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;79:1487-1495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.12.061
Chargari C, Idrissi HR, Pierga JY, et al. Preliminary results of whole brain radiotherapy with concurrent trastuzumab for treatment of brain metastases in breast cancer patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81:631-636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.06.057
Addeo R, Caraglia M, Faiola V, et al. Concomitant treatment of brain metastasis with whole brain radiotherapy [WBRT] and temozolomide [TMZ] is active and improves quality of life. BMC Cancer. 2007;7:18. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-7-18
Gerber NK, Young RJ, Barker CA, et al. Ipilimumab and whole brain radiation therapy for melanoma brain metastases. J Neurooncol. 2015;121:159-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-014-1617-9
Trino E, Mantovani C, Badellino S, Ricardi U, Filippi AR. Radiosurgery/stereotactic radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy and targeted agents for melanoma brain metastases. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2017;17:347-356. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737140.2017.1296764
Hatiboglu MA, Wildrick DM, Sawaya R. The role of surgical resection in patients with brain metastases. Ecancermedicalscience. 2013;7:308. https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2013.308
Shuto T, Matsunaga S, Suenaga J, Inomori S, Fujino H. Treatment strategy for metastatic brain tumors from renal cell carcinoma: selection of gamma knife surgery or craniotomy for control of growth and peritumoral edema. J Neurooncol. 2010;98:169-175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-010-0170-4
Yaeger KA, Nair MN. Surgery for brain metastases. Surg Neurol Int. 2013;4(suppl 4):S203-S208. https://doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.111297
Du Y, Pahernik S, Hadaschik B, et al. Impact of resection and systemic therapy on the survival of patients with brain metastasis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Neurooncol. 2016;130:221-228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-016-2238-2
Sankey EW, Tsvankin V, Grabowski MM, et al. Operative and peri-operative considerations in the management of brain metastasis. Cancer Med. 2019;8:6809-6831. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2577
Suh JH, Kotecha R, Chao ST, Ahluwalia MS, Sahgal A, Chang EL. Current approaches to the management of brain metastases. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020;17:279-299. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-019-0320-3
Mut M. Surgical treatment of brain metastasis: a review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2012;114:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2011.10.013
Rodriguez A, Tatter SB. Neurosurgical management of brain metastases. Curr Probl Cancer. 2015;39:89-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2015.03.002
Sawaya R. Surgical treatment of brain metastases. Clin Neurosurg. 1999;45:41-47.
Tan TC, Black PM. Image-guided craniotomy for cerebral metastases: techniques and outcomes. Neurosurgery. 2003;53:82-99; discussion 89-90. https://doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000068729.37362.f9
Nahed BV, Alvarez-Breckenridge C, Brastianos PK, et al. Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines on the role of surgery in the management of adults with metastatic brain tumors. Neurosurgery. 2019;84:E152-E155. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyy542
Gupta S, Dawood H, Giantini Larsen A, et al. Surgical and peri-operative considerations for brain metastases. Front Oncol. 2021;11:662943. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.662943
Yoo H, Kim YZ, Nam BH, et al. Reduced local recurrence of a single brain metastasis through microscopic total resection. J Neurosurg. 2009;110:730-736. https://doi.org/10.3171/2008.8.JNS08448
Hohne J, Hohenberger C, Proescholdt M, et al. Fluorescein sodium-guided resection of cerebral metastases-an update. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2017;159:363-367. 10.1007/s00701-016-3054-3
Shapira Y, Hadelsberg UP, Kanner AA, Ram Z, Roth J. The ventricular system and choroid plexus as a primary site for renal cell carcinoma metastasis. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2014;156:1469-1474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-014-2108-7
Joiner EF, Youngerman BE, Hudson TS, et al. Effectiveness of perioperative antiepileptic drug prophylaxis for early and late seizures following oncologic neurosurgery: a meta-analysis. J Neurosurg. 2018;130:1274-1282. https://doi.org/10.3171/2017.10.JNS172236
Rassy E, Flippot R, Albiges L. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy combinations in renal cell carcinoma. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2020;12:1758835920907504. https://doi.org/10.1177/1758835920907504
Singh D. Current updates and future perspectives on the management of renal cell carcinoma. Life Sci. 2021;264:118632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118632
Helmink BA, Roland CL, Kiernan CM, Wargo JA. Toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors: considerations for the surgeon. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27:1533-1545. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-019-08183-0
Lewis AL, Chaft J, Girotra M, Fischer GW. Immune checkpoint inhibitors: a narrative review of considerations for the anaesthesiologist. Br J Anaesth. 2020;124:251-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2019.11.034
Bailey CE, Parikh AA. Assessment of the risk of antiangiogenic agents before and after surgery. Cancer Treat Rev. 2018;68:38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.05.002
Harshman LC, Yu RJ, Allen GI, Srinivas S, Gill HS, Chung BI. Surgical outcomes and complications associated with presurgical tyrosine kinase inhibition for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Urol Oncol. 2013;31:379-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2011.01.005
Boutros C, Tarhini A, Routier E, et al. Safety profiles of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies alone and in combination. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13:473-486. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.58
Friedman CF, Proverbs-Singh TA, Postow MA. Treatment of the immune-related adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review. JAMA Oncol. 2016;2:1346-1353. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1051
Mejean A, Ravaud A, Thezenas S, et al. Sunitinib alone or after nephrectomy in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;379;417-427. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1803675
Powles T, Blank C, Chowdhury S, et al. The outcome of patients treated with sunitinib prior to planned nephrectomy in metastatic clear cell renal cancer. Eur Urol. 2011;60:448-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2011.05.028
Bex A, Blank C, Meinhardt W, van Tinteren H, Horenblas S, Haanen J. A phase II study of presurgical sunitinib in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal carcinoma and the primary tumor in situ. Urology. 2011;78:832-837. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2011.05.034
Motzer RJ, Bacik J, Murphy BA, Russo P, Mazumdar M. Interferon-alfa as a comparative treatment for clinical trials of new therapies against advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:289-296. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.289
Bex A, Mulders P, Jewett M, et al. Comparison of immediate vs deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving sunitinib: the SURTIME randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 2019;5:164-170. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.5543
Ljungberg B, Albiges L, Abu-Ghanem Y, et al. European Association of Urology guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: the 2019 update. Eur Urol. 2019;75:799-810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.011
de Bruijn RE, Kuusk T, Noe AP, et al. Observation after cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with synchronous not completely resected metastases of renal cell carcinoma. Urology. 2017;109:127-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2017.06.048
Heng DY, Xie W, Regan MM, et al. Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted agents: results from a large, multicenter study. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:5794-5799. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.21.4809
Daugherty M, Daugherty E, Jacob J, Shapiro O, Mollapour M, Bratslavsky G. Renal cell carcinoma and brain metastasis: questioning the dogma of role for cytoreductive nephrectomy. Urol Oncol. 2019;37:182.e9-182.e15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.10.021
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Department of Health and Human Services. Cancer Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria: Brain Metastases Guidance for Industry. FDA; 2020.

Auteurs

Elshad Hasanov (E)

Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Debra Nana Yeboa (DN)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Mathew D Tucker (MD)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Todd A Swanson (TA)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Thomas Hendrix Beckham (TH)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Brian Rini (B)

Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Chibawanye I Ene (CI)

Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Merve Hasanov (M)

Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Sophie Derks (S)

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Marion Smits (M)

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Shaan Dudani (S)

Division of Oncology/Hematology, William Osler Health System, Brampton, Ontario, Canada.

Daniel Y C Heng (DYC)

Tom Baker Cancer Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Priscilla K Brastianos (PK)

Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Axel Bex (A)

The Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
University College London Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Sahin Hanalioglu (S)

Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Jeffrey S Weinberg (JS)

Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Laure Hirsch (L)

Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin University Hospital, Public Assistance Hospital of Paris, Paris, France.
Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

Maria I Carlo (MI)

Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

Ayal Aizer (A)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Paul David Brown (PD)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Mehmet Asim Bilen (MA)

Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Eric Lin Chang (EL)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, California, Los Angeles.

Jerry Jaboin (J)

Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.

James Brugarolas (J)

Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Toni K Choueiri (TK)

Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

Michael B Atkins (MB)

Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC.

Bradley A McGregor (BA)

Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.

Lia M Halasz (LM)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Toral R Patel (TR)

Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Scott G Soltys (SG)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California.

David F McDermott (DF)

Division of Medical Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

James Bradley Elder (JB)

Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.

Mustafa K Baskaya (MK)

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

James B Yu (JB)

Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Robert Timmerman (R)

Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Michelle Miran Kim (MM)

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Melike Mut (M)

Department of Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

James Markert (J)

Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Kathryn Beal (K)

Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

Nizar M Tannir (NM)

Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

George Samandouras (G)

Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.

Frederick F Lang (FF)

Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Rachel Giles (R)

International Kidney Cancer Coalition, Duivendrecht, the Netherlands.

Eric Jonasch (E)

Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH