Gender Differences and Relationship of 2D:4D-Ratio, Mental Toughness and Dark Triad Traits among Active Young Adults.
2D:4D-ratio
active young adults
dark triad
gender
mental toughness
Journal
Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
Titre abrégé: Biology (Basel)
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101587988
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 Jun 2022
05 Jun 2022
Historique:
received:
08
05
2022
revised:
26
05
2022
accepted:
30
05
2022
entrez:
24
6
2022
pubmed:
25
6
2022
medline:
25
6
2022
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
There is consistent evidence that prenatal exposures to higher testosterone and lower estrogen concentrations during the first trimester of embryonal and fetal development are associated with a lower 2D:4D-ratio, which is to say: The index finger (2D) is shorter, compared to the ring finger (4D). Compared to non-active, athletes show lower 2D:4D ratios. However, athletes also report specific personality traits such as mental toughness, assertiveness, and competitive behavior. Here, we tested if 2D:4D-ratios were related to specific personality traits. We further investigated possible gender differences. A total of 460 active young adults (mean age: 24.81 years; 67% females) completed a series of self-rating questionnaires covering sociodemographic information and traits of the dark triad and mental toughness. Participants also provided a scan of their right palm hand to measure and calculate 2D:4D-ratios.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35741385
pii: biology11060864
doi: 10.3390/biology11060864
pmc: PMC9220407
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
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