Artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal endoscopy - Evolution to a new era.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems based on machine learning have evolved in the last few years with an increasing applicability in gastrointestinal endoscopy. Thanks to AI, an image (input) can be transformed into a clinical decision (output). Although AI systems have been initially studied to improve detection (CADe) and characterization of colorectal lesions (CADx), other indications are being currently investigated as detection of blind spots, scope guidance, or delineation/measurement of lesions. The objective of these review is to summarize the current evidence on applicability of AI systems in gastrointestinal endoscopy, highlight strengths and limitations of the technology and review regulatory and ethical aspects for its general implementation in gastrointestinal endoscopy.