Negative predictive value of procalcitonin to rule out bacterial respiratory co-infection in critical covid-19 patients.


Journal

The Journal of infection
ISSN: 1532-2742
Titre abrégé: J Infect
Pays: England
ID NLM: 7908424

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
10 2022
Historique:
received: 25 02 2022
revised: 20 06 2022
accepted: 24 06 2022
pubmed: 6 7 2022
medline: 14 9 2022
entrez: 5 7 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are useful biomarkers to differentiate bacterial from viral or fungal infections, although the association between them and co-infection or mortality in COVID-19 remains unclear. The study represents a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia to 84 ICUs from ten countries between (March 2020-January 2021). Primary outcome was to determine whether PCT or CRP at admission could predict community-acquired bacterial respiratory co-infection (BC) and its added clinical value by determining the best discriminating cut-off values. Secondary outcome was to investigate its association with mortality. To evaluate the main outcome, a binary logistic regression was performed. The area under the curve evaluated diagnostic performance for BC prediction. 4635 patients were included, 7.6% fulfilled BC diagnosis. PCT (0.25[IQR 0.1-0.7] versus 0.20[IQR 0.1-0.5]ng/mL, p<0.001) and CRP (14.8[IQR 8.2-23.8] versus 13.3 [7-21.7]mg/dL, p=0.01) were higher in BC group. Neither PCT nor CRP were independently associated with BC and both had a poor ability to predict BC (AUC for PCT 0.56, for CRP 0.54). Baseline values of PCT<0.3ng/mL, could be helpful to rule out BC (negative predictive value 91.1%) and PCT≥0.50ng/mL was associated with ICU mortality (OR 1.5,p<0.001). These biomarkers at ICU admission led to a poor ability to predict BC among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Baseline values of PCT<0.3ng/mL may be useful to rule out BC, providing clinicians a valuable tool to guide antibiotic stewardship and allowing the unjustified overuse of antibiotics observed during the pandemic, additionally PCT≥0.50ng/mL might predict worsening outcomes.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND
Procalcitonin (PCT) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are useful biomarkers to differentiate bacterial from viral or fungal infections, although the association between them and co-infection or mortality in COVID-19 remains unclear.
METHODS
The study represents a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia to 84 ICUs from ten countries between (March 2020-January 2021). Primary outcome was to determine whether PCT or CRP at admission could predict community-acquired bacterial respiratory co-infection (BC) and its added clinical value by determining the best discriminating cut-off values. Secondary outcome was to investigate its association with mortality. To evaluate the main outcome, a binary logistic regression was performed. The area under the curve evaluated diagnostic performance for BC prediction.
RESULTS
4635 patients were included, 7.6% fulfilled BC diagnosis. PCT (0.25[IQR 0.1-0.7] versus 0.20[IQR 0.1-0.5]ng/mL, p<0.001) and CRP (14.8[IQR 8.2-23.8] versus 13.3 [7-21.7]mg/dL, p=0.01) were higher in BC group. Neither PCT nor CRP were independently associated with BC and both had a poor ability to predict BC (AUC for PCT 0.56, for CRP 0.54). Baseline values of PCT<0.3ng/mL, could be helpful to rule out BC (negative predictive value 91.1%) and PCT≥0.50ng/mL was associated with ICU mortality (OR 1.5,p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
These biomarkers at ICU admission led to a poor ability to predict BC among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Baseline values of PCT<0.3ng/mL may be useful to rule out BC, providing clinicians a valuable tool to guide antibiotic stewardship and allowing the unjustified overuse of antibiotics observed during the pandemic, additionally PCT≥0.50ng/mL might predict worsening outcomes.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35781017
pii: S0163-4453(22)00380-2
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.06.024
pmc: PMC9245395
pii:
doi:

Substances chimiques

Biomarkers 0
Procalcitonin 0
C-Reactive Protein 9007-41-4

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

374-381

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2022 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Auteurs

Raquel Carbonell (R)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.. Electronic address: raquelviok7@gmail.com.

Silvia Urgelés (S)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Melina Salgado (M)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Alejandro Rodríguez (A)

Critical Care Department, URV/IISPV/CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Luis Felipe Reyes (LF)

Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia; Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.

Yuli V Fuentes (YV)

Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia; Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.

Cristian C Serrano (CC)

Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia; Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.

Eder L Caceres (EL)

Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia; Clinica Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.

María Bodí (M)

Critical Care Department, URV/IISPV/CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Ignacio Martín-Loeches (I)

Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Jordi Solé-Violán (J)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Gran Canaria, Spain.

Emili Díaz (E)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.

Josep Gómez (J)

Critical Care Department, URV/IISPV/CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Sandra Trefler (S)

Critical Care Department, URV/IISPV/CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Montserrat Vallverdú (M)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain.

Josefa Murcia (J)

Critical Care Deparment, Hospital Santa Lucía, Cartagena, Spain.

Antonio Albaya (A)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain.

Ana Loza (A)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Valme, Sevilla, Spain.

Lorenzo Socias (L)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Juan Carlos Ballesteros (JC)

Critical Care Department, Hospital de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.

Elisabeth Papiol (E)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.

Lucía Viña (L)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.

Susana Sancho (S)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario y Politecnico de La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

Mercedes Nieto (M)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

M Del (M)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

Carmen Lorente (C)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Rafael Mendez, Lorca, Spain.

Oihane Badallo (O)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain.

Virginia Fraile (V)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain.

Fernando Arméstar (F)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.

Angel Estella (A)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario de Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain.

Paula Abanses (P)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Clinico de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Isabel Sancho (I)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.

Neus Guasch (N)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Nostra Senyora de Meritxell, Escaldes-Engordany, Andorra.

Gerard Moreno (G)

Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain.

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