High-altitude illnesses: Old stories and new insights into the pathophysiology, treatment and prevention.
Acute mountain sickness
Altitude
Cerebral and pulmonary edema
Climbing
Disease
Hypoxia
Prevention
Therapy
Trekking
Journal
Sports medicine and health science
ISSN: 2666-3376
Titre abrégé: Sports Med Health Sci
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101777807
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2021
Jun 2021
Historique:
received:
26
01
2021
revised:
11
04
2021
accepted:
11
04
2021
entrez:
5
7
2022
pubmed:
16
4
2021
medline:
16
4
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Areas at high-altitude, annually attract millions of tourists, skiers, trekkers, and climbers. If not adequately prepared and not considering certain ascent rules, a considerable proportion of those people will suffer from acute mountain sickness (AMS) or even from life-threatening high-altitude cerebral (HACE) or/and pulmonary edema (HAPE). Reduced inspired oxygen partial pressure with gain in altitude and consequently reduced oxygen availability is primarily responsible for getting sick in this setting. Appropriate acclimatization by slowly raising the hypoxic stimulus (e.g., slow ascent to high altitude) and/or repeated exposures to altitude or artificial, normobaric hypoxia will largely prevent those illnesses. Understanding physiological mechanisms of acclimatization and pathophysiological mechanisms of high-altitude diseases, knowledge of symptoms and signs, treatment and prevention strategies will largely contribute to the risk reduction and increased safety, success and enjoyment at high altitude. Thus, this review is intended to provide a sound basis for both physicians counseling high-altitude visitors and high-altitude visitors themselves.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35782163
doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2021.04.001
pii: S2666-3376(21)00021-4
pmc: PMC9219347
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
59-69Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have no conflict of interest.
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