Multi-family therapy for bulimia nervosa: a qualitative pilot study of adolescent and family members' experiences.

BACKGROUND

Multi-family therapy (MFT-BN) is a new treatment for adolescent bulimia nervosa with emerging empirical support. It extends the bulimia nervosa focussed family therapy model, by offering treatment in a group setting. Up to nine families work together with a team of clinicians over the course of 20 weeks. No qualitative study to date has investigated the experience of MFT-BN. This study aimed to explore this from the adolescent and parent/caregiver perspective.

METHODS

Participants from two consecutive MFT-BN groups facilitated at the Maudsley Hospital in London, UK, were invited to participate in either a focus group or individual qualitative interview about the experience of MFT-BN. Of the 19 eligible participants (from 9 families), 15 (8 parents, 1 older sibling, 6 adolescents) consented and participated. Audio-recordings of interviews and focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

RESULTS

Three main themes were identified; (1) seeing and being seen, (2) holistic shift, (3) the unspoken. Participants reported overall shifts in cognitions, emotions, behaviours, and relationships both individually and within the family as a result of attending MFT-BN. Meeting other families with similar struggles and sharing experiences, skills and learning helped reduce isolation and promote change. There was also a sense from participants that some things did not, or could not, be spoken about in the group context and that more direct and challenging conversations might have been helpful at times.

DISCUSSION

The current study identifies some of the perceived benefits and challenges of MFT-BN. The three themes demonstrate the holistic nature of change that can occur across the treatment, as well as the power and limits of the group therapy setting and process. Further research is needed to explore the experience of MFT-BN and its outcomes across a more diverse range of participants and treatment settings.

Multi-family therapy (MFT-BN) is a new treatment for adolescent bulimia nervosa. It involves a group of families (maximum nine) working together with a team of therapists over the course of 20 weeks. This study aimed to explore the experience of MFT-BN from the adolescents and parent/caregiver perspective, as this has not been explored before. Participants from two consecutive MFT-BN groups were invited to participate in either a focus group or individual interview. 8 parents, 1 older sibling, and 6 adolescents participated. Three themes were identified from what they said. Participants described overall shifts in their thoughts, emotions, behaviours, and relationships both individually and within their families, as a result of attending MFT-BN. Meeting other families with similar struggles and sharing experiences, skills and learning helped reduce isolation and promote change. There was also a sense from participants that some things did not, or could not, be spoken about in the group context and that more direct and challenging conversations might have been helpful at times. More research is needed to explore the experience of MFT-BN and its outcomes across a more diverse range of participants and treatment settings.

Informations de copyright

© 2022. The Author(s).