Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reveals Limited Infectious Virus Shedding and Restricted Tissue Distribution.

SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections vaccines viral dynamics

Journal

Open forum infectious diseases
ISSN: 2328-8957
Titre abrégé: Open Forum Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101637045

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jul 2022
Historique:
received: 24 02 2022
accepted: 07 04 2022
entrez: 6 7 2022
pubmed: 7 7 2022
medline: 7 7 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus. We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals. The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases. Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.

Sections du résumé

Background UNASSIGNED
The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus.
Methods UNASSIGNED
We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals.
Results UNASSIGNED
The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases.
Conclusions UNASSIGNED
Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35791353
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac192
pii: ofac192
pmc: PMC9047214
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

ofac192

Subventions

Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R01 AI152703
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : R21 AI163912
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR001422
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR001453
Pays : United States

Commentaires et corrections

Type : UpdateOf

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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Auteurs

Ruian Ke (R)

T-6, Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.

Pamela P Martinez (PP)

Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Rebecca L Smith (RL)

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Laura L Gibson (LL)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Chad J Achenbach (CJ)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Sally McFall (S)

Center for Innovation in Point-of-Care Technologies for HIV/AIDS at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Chao Qi (C)

Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Joshua Jacob (J)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Etienne Dembele (E)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Camille Bundy (C)

Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Lacy M Simons (LM)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Egon A Ozer (EA)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Judd F Hultquist (JF)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo (R)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Anita K Opdycke (AK)

Department of Health Service, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.

Claudia Hawkins (C)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Robert L Murphy (RL)

Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Agha Mirza (A)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Madison Conte (M)

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Nicholas Gallagher (N)

Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Chun Huai Luo (CH)

Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Junko Jarrett (J)

Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Abigail Conte (A)

W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Ruifeng Zhou (R)

W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Mireille Farjo (M)

Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Gloria Rendon (G)

High-Performance Biological Computing at the Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Christopher J Fields (CJ)

High-Performance Biological Computing at the Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Leyi Wang (L)

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Richard Fredrickson (R)

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Melinda E Baughman (ME)

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Karen K Chiu (KK)

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Hannah Choi (H)

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Kevin R Scardina (KR)

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Alyssa N Owens (AN)

Center for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

John Broach (J)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Bruce Barton (B)

Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Peter Lazar (P)

Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Matthew L Robinson (ML)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Heba H Mostafa (HH)

Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Yukari C Manabe (YC)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Andrew Pekosz (A)

W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

David D McManus (DD)

Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

Christopher B Brooke (CB)

Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Classifications MeSH