The impact of COVID-19 vaccination programme in the Republic of San Marino: Focus on effectiveness of Gam-Covid-Vac.
COVID-19
Effectiveness
Gam COVID-Vac
SARS-CoV-2
Sputnik V
Vaccination
Journal
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
ISSN: 1469-0691
Titre abrégé: Clin Microbiol Infect
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9516420
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2022
Dec 2022
Historique:
received:
24
02
2022
revised:
23
06
2022
accepted:
26
06
2022
pubmed:
8
7
2022
medline:
25
11
2022
entrez:
7
7
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The adenovirus-based vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V) showed promising effectiveness in a phase 3 clinical trial; however, data concerning its impact at a population level are scarce. The Republic of San Marino (RSM) conducted a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination programme mainly based (>80%) on Gam-COVID-Vac. Our aims were to investigate the impact of Gam-COVID-Vac vaccination programme and its effectiveness in a retrospective observational study based on the entire RSM population aged ≥12 years. We calculated the incidence rate and the vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the entire RSM population not previously infected, against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization, from 25 February to 1 October 2021, considering any vaccine and separately according to the vaccine used. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated using a multivariable negative binomial regression model as 1-Incidence Rate Ratio. During the study period, 21 568/28 791 (74.9%) not previously infected subjects received at least one dose of the Gam-COVID-Vac (84%) or BNT162b2, vaccines with 98% completing the vaccination schedule. Overall, 1634 SARS-CoV-2 infections and 166 COVID-19-related hospitalizations were observed with 17 COVID-19-related deaths reported. Incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalization were 7.11 and 0.49/100 000 person-days in the fully vaccinated population, respectively. The adjusted overall VE was 67.6% (95% CI: 61.8-72.5) against SARS-CoV-2 infection and 87.9% (95% CI: 77.4-93.5) against COVID-19-related hospitalizations. Gam-COVID-Vac against SARS-CoV-2 infection VE peaked 91.8% (95% CI: 86.3-95.1) in the first bimester from the second dose, declining to 57.8% (95% CI: 42.2-69.2) at 6 months. Protection against hospitalization with COVID-19 was overall 91.6% (95% CI: 81.5-96.2), with no relevant waning trend over time. Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of overall vaccination (Gam-COVID-Vac [84%] and BNT162b2 [16%]) in the prevention SARS-CoV-2 infection (pre-Omicron variant), waning over time but still with sustainable effectiveness against COVID-19-related hospitalization in the Republic of San Marino.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35798146
pii: S1198-743X(22)00341-X
doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.06.026
pmc: PMC9251905
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
COVID-19 Vaccines
0
BNT162 Vaccine
0
Types de publication
Observational Study
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1636-1643Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2022 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Références
BMJ. 2022 Feb 10;376:e069052
pubmed: 35144968
J Health Econ. 2021 Dec;80:102530
pubmed: 34563830
Lancet Reg Health Am. 2022 Feb;6:100123
pubmed: 34841388
N Engl J Med. 2021 Nov 18;385(21):2010-2012
pubmed: 34648703
Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Jul;5(7):947-953
pubmed: 33972767
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;9(11):
pubmed: 34835285
Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Jan;114:252-260
pubmed: 34800687
BMC Bioinformatics. 2017 Jan 3;18(1):4
pubmed: 28049409
N Engl J Med. 2022 Mar 10;386(10):933-941
pubmed: 35020982
N Engl J Med. 2022 Jan 27;386(4):340-350
pubmed: 35021002
EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Oct;40:101126
pubmed: 34541480
N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 9;385(24):e83
pubmed: 34614327
N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 9;385(24):e85
pubmed: 34706170
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jul 12;9(7):
pubmed: 34358195
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2020 Oct 12;18(2):1499-1507
pubmed: 33072340
Nature. 2021 Jul;595(7867):339-340
pubmed: 34230663
Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 8;11(1):12051
pubmed: 34103618
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Mar;28(3):398-404
pubmed: 34838783
Lancet. 2021 Feb 20;397(10275):671-681
pubmed: 33545094
Lancet. 2020 Sep 26;396(10255):887-897
pubmed: 32896291
Lancet. 2022 Mar 26;399(10331):1254-1264
pubmed: 35303473
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2020 Oct;19(10):667-668
pubmed: 32887942
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2022 Feb;28(2):202-221
pubmed: 34715347
Nature. 2021 Nov;599(7883):114-119
pubmed: 34488225
N Engl J Med. 2022 Jan 13;386(2):116-127
pubmed: 34942067
EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Jul 08;38:101027
pubmed: 34505029