SARS-CoV-2 Brain Regional Detection, Histopathology, Gene Expression, and Immunomodulatory Changes in Decedents with COVID-19.

Amygdala Cytokine Deafferentation Encephalitis Microglia Olfactory bulb SARS-Cov-2

Journal

Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
ISSN: 1554-6578
Titre abrégé: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 2985192R

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
16 08 2022
Historique:
pubmed: 13 7 2022
medline: 24 8 2022
entrez: 12 7 2022
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Brains of 42 COVID-19 decedents and 107 non-COVID-19 controls were studied. RT-PCR screening of 16 regions from 20 COVID-19 autopsies found SARS-CoV-2 E gene viral sequences in 7 regions (2.5% of 320 samples), concentrated in 4/20 subjects (20%). Additional screening of olfactory bulb (OB), amygdala (AMY) and entorhinal area for E, N1, N2, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and S gene sequences detected one or more of these in OB in 8/21 subjects (38%). It is uncertain whether these RNA sequences represent viable virus. Significant histopathology was limited to 2/42 cases (4.8%), one with a large acute cerebral infarct and one with hemorrhagic encephalitis. Case-control RNAseq in OB and AMY found more than 5000 and 700 differentially expressed genes, respectively, unrelated to RT-PCR results; these involved immune response, neuronal constituents, and olfactory/taste receptor genes. Olfactory marker protein-1 reduction indicated COVID-19-related loss of OB olfactory mucosa afferents. Iba-1-immunoreactive microglia had reduced area fractions in cerebellar cortex and AMY, and cytokine arrays showed generalized downregulation in AMY and upregulation in blood serum in COVID-19 cases. Although OB is a major brain portal for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 brain changes are more likely due to blood-borne immune mediators and trans-synaptic gene expression changes arising from OB deafferentation.

Identifiants

pubmed: 35818336
pii: 6639867
doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlac056
pmc: PMC9278252
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

666-695

Subventions

Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG019610
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : P30 AG072980
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : R33 HL137081
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : R35 HL135756
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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Auteurs

Geidy E Serrano (GE)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Jessica E Walker (JE)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Cécilia Tremblay (C)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Ignazio S Piras (IS)

Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Matthew J Huentelman (MJ)

Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Christine M Belden (CM)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Danielle Goldfarb (D)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

David Shprecher (D)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Alireza Atri (A)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Charles H Adler (CH)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

Holly A Shill (HA)

Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Erika Driver-Dunckley (E)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

Shyamal H Mehta (SH)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

Richard Caselli (R)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

Bryan K Woodruff (BK)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.

Chadwick F Haarer (CF)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Thomas Ruhlen (T)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Maria Torres (M)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Steve Nguyen (S)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Dasan Schmitt (D)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Steven Z Rapscak (SZ)

Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Christian Bime (C)

Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

Joseph L Peters (JL)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Ellie Alevritis (E)

Banner Boswell Medical Center, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Richard A Arce (RA)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Michael J Glass (MJ)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Daisy Vargas (D)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Lucia I Sue (LI)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Anthony J Intorcia (AJ)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Courtney M Nelson (CM)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Javon Oliver (J)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.
From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Aryck Russell (A)

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (AR).

Katsuko E Suszczewicz (KE)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Claryssa I Borja (CI)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Madison P Cline (MP)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Spencer J Hemmingsen (SJ)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Sanaria Qiji (S)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Holly M Hobgood (HM)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

Joseph P Mizgerd (JP)

Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Malaya K Sahoo (MK)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Haiyu Zhang (H)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Daniel Solis (D)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Thomas J Montine (TJ)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Gerald J Berry (GJ)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Eric M Reiman (EM)

Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.

Katharina Röltgen (K)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Scott D Boyd (SD)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Benjamin A Pinsky (BA)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Division of Infectious Disease & Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

James L Zehnder (JL)

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Pierre Talbot (P)

Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, Quebec, Canada.

Marc Desforges (M)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.

Michael DeTure (M)

Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.

Dennis W Dickson (DW)

Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Thomas G Beach (TG)

From the Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA.

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