Effect of Exercise on Energy Expenditure and Body Composition in Astronauts Onboard the International Space Station: Considerations for Interplanetary Travel.
Journal
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
ISSN: 1179-2035
Titre abrégé: Sports Med
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 8412297
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2022
12 2022
Historique:
accepted:
20
06
2022
pubmed:
14
7
2022
medline:
29
11
2022
entrez:
13
7
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Body mass (BM) loss and body composition (BC) changes threaten astronauts' health and mission success. However, the energetic contribution of the exercise countermeasure to these changes has never been investigated during long-term missions. We studied energy balance and BC in astronauts during 6-month missions onboard the International Space Station. Before and after at least 3 months in space, BM, BC, total and activity energy expenditure (TEE and AEE) were measured using the doubly labeled water method in 11 astronauts (2011-2017). Physical activity (PA) was assessed by the SensewearPro® activity-device. Three-month spaceflight decreased BM (- 1.20 kg [SE 0.5]; P = 0.04), mainly due to non-significant fat-free mass loss (FFM; - 0.94 kg [0.59]). The decrease in walking time (- 63.2 min/day [11.5]; P < 0.001) from preflight was compensated by increases in non-ambulatory activities (+ 64.8 min/day [18.8]; P < 0.01). Average TEE was unaffected but a large interindividual variability was noted. Astronauts were stratified into those who maintained (stable_TEE; n = 6) and those who decreased (decreased_TEE; n = 5) TEE and AEE compared to preflight data. Although both groups lost similar BM, FFM was maintained and FM reduced in stable_TEE astronauts, while FFM decreased and FM increased in decreased_TEE astronauts (estimated between-group-difference (EGD) in ΔFFMindex [FFMI] 0.87 kg/m Both ground fitness and inflight overall PA are associated with spaceflight-induced TEE and BC changes and thus energy requirements. New instruments are needed to measure real-time individual changes in inflight energy balance components.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35829995
doi: 10.1007/s40279-022-01728-6
pii: 10.1007/s40279-022-01728-6
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3039-3053Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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