Molecular signatures of organic particulates as tracers of emission sources.
Air pollution
Diagnostic concentration ratios
Molecular signature of sources
Particulate organic matter (POM)
Toxicants
Journal
Environmental science and pollution research international
ISSN: 1614-7499
Titre abrégé: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 9441769
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2022
Sep 2022
Historique:
received:
24
02
2022
accepted:
13
06
2022
pubmed:
26
7
2022
medline:
24
9
2022
entrez:
25
7
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Chemical signature of airborne particulates and deposition dusts is subject of study since decades. Usually, three complementary composition markers are investigated, namely, (i) specific organic compounds; (ii) concentration ratios between congeners, and (iii) percent distributions of homologs. Due to its intrinsic limits (e.g., variability depending on decomposition and gas/particle equilibrium), the identification of pollution sources based on molecular signatures results overall restricted to qualitative purposes. Nevertheless, chemical fingerprints allow drawing preliminary information, suitable for successfully approaching multivariate analysis and valuing the relative importance of sources. Here, the state-of-the-art is presented about the molecular fingerprints of non-polar aliphatic, polyaromatic (PAHs, nitro-PAHs), and polar (fatty acids, organic halides, polysaccharides) compounds in emissions. Special concern was addressed to alkenes and alkanes with carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 23 and ≥ 24, which displayed distinct relative abundances in petrol-derived spills and exhausts, emissions from microorganisms, high vegetation, and sediments. Long-chain alkanes associated with tobacco smoke were characterized by a peculiar iso/anteiso/normal homolog fingerprint and by n-hentriacontane percentages higher than elsewhere. Several concentration ratios of PAHs were identified as diagnostic of the type of emission, and the sources of uncertainty were elucidated. Despite extensive investigations conducted so far, the origin of uncommon molecular fingerprints, e.g., alkane/alkene relationships in deposition dusts and airborne particles, remains quite unclear. Polar organics resulted scarcely investigated for pollution apportioning purposes, though they looked as indicative of the nature of sources. Finally, the role of humans and living organisms as actual emitters of chemicals seems to need concern in the future.
Identifiants
pubmed: 35876994
doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-21531-0
pii: 10.1007/s11356-022-21531-0
pmc: PMC9492597
doi:
Substances chimiques
Air Pollutants
0
Alkanes
0
Alkenes
0
Dust
0
Fatty Acids
0
Particulate Matter
0
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
0
Tobacco Smoke Pollution
0
Carbon
7440-44-0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
65904-65923Informations de copyright
© 2022. The Author(s).
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